research topics about african american history

• University Library
• Subject Guides
• Subject-Specific

African American Studies

• Topics of Study
• International Slave Trade
• Domestic Slavery
• American Civil War
• Reconstruction Era
• Segregation and Integration
• Great Migration
• World War I and World War II
• Civil Rights Era
• Race and Identity
• Articles and Databases
• Newspapers and Periodicals
• Print Materials
• Internet Resources
• Visual Media
• Local Repositories & Research Sites
• African American History in Washington, D.C.
• << Previous: Home
• Next: International Slave Trade >>
• Last Updated: Aug 16, 2024 11:07 AM
• URL: https://subjectguides.library.american.edu/afamstudies

• History Classics
• Your Profile
• Find History on Facebook (Opens in a new window)
• Find History on Twitter (Opens in a new window)
• Find History on YouTube (Opens in a new window)
• Find History on Instagram (Opens in a new window)
• Find History on TikTok (Opens in a new window)
• This Day In History
• History Podcasts
• History Vault

Black History

Civil Rights Movement Timeline

The civil rights movement was an organized effort by black Americans to end racial discrimination and gain equal rights under the law. It began in the late 1940s and ended in the late 1960s.

Rosa Parks (1913—2005) helped initiate the civil rights movement in the United States when she refused to give up her seat to a white man on a Montgomery, Alabama bus in 1955. Her actions inspired the leaders of the local Black community to organize the Montgomery Bus Boycott.

Black History Month

February is dedicated as Black History Month, honoring the triumphs and struggles of African Americans throughout U.S. history.

Black History Milestones: Timeline

Black history in the United States is a rich and varied chronicle of slavery and liberty, oppression and progress, segregation and achievement.

Coretta Scott King

After her husband became pastor, Coretta Scott King joined the choir at the Dexter Avenue King Memorial Baptist Church. Hear two of her friends and members of the congregation remember Mrs. King’s legacy and her voice.

When Segregationists Bombed Martin Luther King Jr.’s House

On January 30, 1956, Martin Luther King Jr.’s house was bombed by segregationists in retaliation for the success of the Montgomery Bus Boycott.

Brown v. Board of Education

In 1954, the Supreme Court unanimously strikes down segregation in public schools, sparking the Civil Rights movement.

How the Montgomery Bus Boycott Accelerated the Civil Rights Movement

For 382 days, almost the entire African‑American population of Montgomery, Alabama, including leaders Martin Luther King Jr. and Rosa Parks, refused to ride on segregated buses, a turning point in the American civil rights movement.

The Black Explorer Who May Have Reached the North Pole First

In 1909 African American Matthew Henson trekked with explorer Robert Peary, reaching what they claimed was the North Pole. Who got there first?

How Madam C.J. Walker Became a Self‑Made Millionaire

Despite Jim Crow oppression, Walker founded her own haircare company that helped thousands of African American women gain financial independence.

8 Black Inventors Who Made Daily Life Easier

Black innovators changed the way we live through their many innovations, from the traffic light to the ironing board.

Harlem Renaissance: Photos From the African American Cultural Explosion

From jazz and blues to poetry and prose to dance and theater, the Harlem Renaissance of the early 20th century was electric with creative expression by African American artists.

This Day in History

Pioneering Black doctor performs successful open‑heart surgery

Frederick douglass delivers his “what to the slave is the fourth of july” speech, fdr signs order banning discrimination in the defense industry, martha jones becomes first black woman to receive a u.s. patent, martin luther king jr. writes “letter from a birmingham jail”, misty copeland becomes american ballet theater’s first black principal dancer.

African American Studies: Foundations and Key Concepts

This non-exhaustive list of readings in African American Studies highlights the vibrant history of the discipline and introduces the field.

In the 1960s, student activists across the United States participated in sit-ins, strikes, rallies, and protests with the goal of having colleges and universities establish institutional support for the study of the lives, history, and culture of black people. This movement, both inspired by and an offshoot of the Civil Rights Movement, resulted in an increased number of syllabi including work that addressed the particular concerns of African Americans and the first department of black studies, which was inaugurated at San Francisco State University in 1968.

African American Studies examines the experience of people of African descent in the United States and the Black diaspora, both throughout history and in the present. Unbound by but indebted to critical methodologies from disciplines like English, history, sociology, law, and political science, African American Studies centers black people. It examines social, legal, and economic structures, and also our fundamental understandings of concepts like space, place, the human, belonging, and community.

This non-exhaustive list of readings in African American Studies highlights the vibrant history of the discipline, introduces readers to central questions in the field, and showcases its bright future.

Philip D. Morgan, “ Origins of American Slavery .” OAH Magazine of History , 2005

A concise but thorough overview of how American slavery fits into larger historical processes of the subjugation of black people, Philip Morgan’s description of slavery as an international institution looks at the institution’s centrality in shaping global trends throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. By placing American slavery in a global context, Morgan explains how the expanding scale of capitalism and a long-standing perception of black inferiority converged to produce an instantiation of slavery that stands out as peculiarly heinous.

Hortense Spillers, “ Mama’s Baby, Papa’s Maybe: An American Grammar Book .” Diacritics , 1987

Hortense Spillers argues that discourses around blackness and gender during slavery continue to determine the ways in which black bodies are read in the United States. By focusing on black women, Spillers contends that we get it wrong when we only view slavery through the experience of enslaved people who identified as male. The machinations of enslavement as an institution fundamentally relied on fully disarticulating black women from the categories of “woman” and “human.”

Spillers goes on to argue that critiques of black community that make a lack of black fathers in black communities a talking point ignore the ways in which structures of power (particularly the law) well beyond the control of African Americans destabilized the conceptions of gender and the frames of genealogy upon which those critiques depend.

Stephen Best, “ Neither Lost nor Found: Slavery and the Visual Archive .” Representations , 2011

Ostensibly a review essay of articles that appear in a special issue of Representations on “New World Slavery and the Matter of the Visual,” Stephen Best argues that black people have often been understood as objects rather than subjects. Best cites a case in which a photograph of two young black boys from the nineteenth century was advertised as rare at an estate sale. It was later discovered that copies of the photograph could be found at the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture and on eBay. Best addresses the paradox of the archival turn in studies of slavery: How can we claim to know that which cannot be known? That is, whether evidence can be found in the archive or not?

Anthony B. Pinn, “ Black Bodies in Pain and Ecstasy: Terror, Subjectivity, and the Nature of Black Religion .” Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions , 2003

Anthony Pinn argues that black religion, a capacious term that he purposefully deploys to reference a range of religious and spiritual practices beyond Christianity, plays a key role in African Americans’ struggle for what he calls complex subjectivity, a mode of being defined by ambiguity and multidimensionality. If dominant society defined black people by their corporeality during slavery, Pinn argues that black religion, which is an experience mediated by and through the black body, constitutes an important site of resistance against oppression. It contains an aesthetic, both in performance and style, that must be more prominently considered by the field of black religious studies.

Harvey Young, “ The Black Body as Souvenir in American Lynching .” Theatre Journal , 2005

Lynching, a phenomenon of extra-juridical violence used as a tool of social control, continues to be a lesser acknowledged practice in American history. Harvey Young analyzes what it meant for white participants in lynching spectacles to either steal or purchase the body parts of those who had been unjustly hanged, burned, castrated, and otherwise victimized and killed in public. Young asks what it means for white people to treat black bodies as souvenirs, fetish object, and remains.

Michael A. Gomez, “ Of Du Bois and Diaspora: The Challenge of African American Studies .” Journal of Black Studies , 2004

In a special issue of Journal of Black Studies celebrating 30 years of African American studies, Michael Gomez focuses on “double consciousness,” W. E. B. Du Bois’ term for the experience of African Americans who must simultaneously identify with blackness and Americanness. The nation signified in the latter term oppresses people based on the former term. Gomez makes a case for black intellectuals in the field of African American studies to more thoughtfully engage a larger diasporic approach with their work. Because the study of black people in America is a diasporic project about dispersal, loss, and community building, Gomez’s call for African American studies to take the diasporic turn seriously continues to influence the field.

Sarah Haley, “ Like I Was a Man: Chain Gangs, Gender, and the Domestic Carceral Sphere in Jim Crow Georgia .” Signs , 2013

Sarah Haley argues that the prison industrial complex has been an important site in which racialized conceptions of gender have been consolidated. Focusing on a comprehensive and historic prison reform act passed in Georgia in 1908 that forced imprisoned black women onto chain gangs and introduced a system of parole that compelled black women released from prison to become domestic servants in white homes, Haley argues that these reforms illustrate how black women were stripped of their gender. Incarcerated black women were obligated to perform both domestic labor that was gendered as female and hard physical labor that was gendered as male, but also, as a result of this un-gendering, they were legislated out of the category of the human.

Daryl Michael Scott, “ How Black Nationalism Became Sui Generis .” Fire!!! , 2012

Daryl Michael Scott’s exploration of the vicissitudes of black nationalism that developed over the course of the early and mid-twentieth century negotiates a tension between black nationalism and other forms of nationalism. While “nationalism” on its own may be problematic, “black nationalism” has described everything from black separatism and sovereignty to an imperium in imperio in which black people could self-determine without founding a new nation to a generic notion of racial solidarity among black people in a Pan-African context. The idea continues to have critical purchase in academia.

Scott meticulously traces the genealogy of the term, from the work of the Communist Party USA in the 1920’s to the rhetoric of black artists and activists in the aftermath of the Civil Rights Movement. He ultimately argues that too many actually disparate ideologies about how to achieve racial uplift have been flattened out and occluded by a rather sweeping use of “black nationalism” to describe divergent ideologies.

Combahee River Collective, “ A Black Feminist Statement .” Off Our Backs (1979)

Written in the mid-1970s by a group of black feminists under a name that pays homage to the first successful slave revolt led by a black woman, this statement marks an important precursor to Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw’s work on intersectionality in the succeeding decades. The Combahee River Collective argues against any program for social justice that does not account for how structures of oppression are “interlocking,” affecting people of various identity categories differently. Though this intersectional approach to understanding oppression may seem commonplace now, the Combahee River Collective’s race-conscious and socialist model of feminism marks an epochal shift in thought about what we now call “identity politics.” Reprinted in the Women’s Studies Quarterly .

Cheryl Harris, “ Whiteness as Property .” Harvard Law Review , 1993

Cheryl Harris explores the extent to which whiteness became a form of property that had to be protected by juridical and legislative means. As she argues, whiteness became valuable when white people could not be reduced to property under slavery. Given this, it is not only the cultural legacy of enslavement that has kept black people oppressed in the United States, but also a legal system that has continued to treat whiteness as the norm. That system actively excludes people of color from the purview of equal rights and protections while also affording economic benefits exclusively or disproportionately to white Americans.

The article ends by addressing how affirmative action would challenge the property interest in whiteness, but only if it actively operates as a corrective to structural injustices by redistributing power and resources to those that have been historically denied access in the United States.

Heather Ann Thompson, “ Why Mass Incarceration Matters: Rethinking Crisis, Decline, and Transformation in Postwar American History .” The Journal of American History, 2010

As we continue to live in an age of mass incarceration, Thompson’s article reminds us of the lasting legacy of what the writer Michelle Alexander has provocatively called “The New Jim Crow.” Thompson argues that the exploding incarceration rates that we see in the late twentieth century correlate strongly with African Americans’ continued struggles for equal citizenship after the passages of the Civil Rights Acts of 1964 and 1968 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Thompson’s meticulous research reveals that, over the course of the postwar period, urban spaces became increasingly criminalized. Local laws and law enforcement officials targeted communities of color and increased criminal sentences for various infractions.

Alexander G. Weheliye, “ After Man .” American Literary History , 2008

African American studies has long been charged with being too parochial in scope, attending solely to the concerns of one minority group in the United States. Weheliye contends that black studies contributes to an understanding of the category of the human by filling in the gaps of a category that did not consider blackness as a constitutive part of its makeup and imagining other ways of being human.

Daphne Brooks, “ ‘All That You Can’t Leave Behind’: Black Female Soul Singing and the Politics of Surrogation in the Age of Catastrophe .” Meridians , 2008

As if anticipating the bevy of scholarly and popular responses to Beyoncé Knowles’s Southern aesthetic in her 2016 visual album, Lemonade , Daphne Brooks argues that the work of Beyoncé (and Mary J. Blige) in the immediate aftermath of Hurricane Katrina should be read as a convergence of a long-standing set of sociopolitical concerns made that much more visible by the devastating storm. By analyzing Mary J. Blige’s duet with U2 at the Shelter from the Storm telethon, an event meant to raise money for survivors of the hurricane, as a way of opening up space to talk about the political dimensions of desire in Beyoncé’s second solo album, B-Day , Brooks shows how black women’s vocal and visual performances continue to constitute an important site of black resistance.

Dwight McBride, “ Can the Queen Speak?: Racial Essentialism, Sexuality, and the Problem of Authority .” Callaloo , 1998

Dwight McBride’s critique of racial essentialist discourse in the work of African American intellectuals argues that African American Studies must more urgently attend to the experience of black queer people if it is going to continue to theorize around concepts like “blackness” or “black community.” Rather than simply call for more inclusion, McBride argues that black gays and lesbians must be represented in ways that accurately portray them and their concerns. This must be done by considering the work of black queer writers and activists like James Baldwin and Essex Hemphill on its own terms.

Jennifer Nash, “ Practicing Love: Black Feminism, Love-Politics and Post-Intersectionality .” Meridians , 2011

Love-politics, which Jennifer Nash theorizes as a facet of black feminist politics that makes use of love as an affective mode of relationality that exceeds identity categories and identity politics, uses shared affinity rather than shared oppression to construct deep coalitions. Turning to love, Nash argues, allows for a turning away from the state when seeking redress for oppression and discrimination. Preferring the radical utopianism of imaginary new worlds to the politics of visibility that is a cornerstone of intersectional politics, black feminist love-politics helpfully imagines a political terrain in which the public sphere can be effectively changed.

Walter R. Allen, Channel McLewis, Chantal Jones, and Daniel Harris, “ From Bakke to Fisher: African American Students in U.S. Higher Education over Forty Years ” RSF: The Russel Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences , 2018

Considering 40 years of quantitative data on college enrollments and degree completion rates among African American students in the context of critical race theory, Walter R. Allen, Channel McLewis, Chantal Jones, and Daniel Harris explain how the inherent anti-blackness in the United States’ system of higher education continues to hamper socioeconomic achievement for African Americans. Though the rates of college enrollment for African Americans have modestly increased since the mid-1970s, these scholars argue that the continued underrepresentation of black students in selective colleges, coupled with black students’ relative over-enrollment in community and for-profit colleges, negatively impact African Americans’ generational accrual of wealth.

Evie Shockley, “ Going Overboard: African American Poetic Innovation and the Middle Passage .” Contemporary Literature, 2011

Noticing a marked increase in the number of historical poems that have been written in the twenty-first century, Evie Shockley argues that the influx of poetry about slavery reveals a continued engagement in black writing with the relationship between language and subjectivity. Focusing on poetic treatments of the Middle Passage, Shockley addresses how contemporary poets like Douglas Kearney ( The Black Automaton ) and M. NourbeSe Philip ( Zong! ) reckon with the historical gaps and violent breaks in space and time that the transatlantic slave trade forced upon captured Africans. Shockley makes use of postmodern rhetorical strategies like polyvocality, linguistic fragmentation, and narrative implacability to undermine our understanding of how stories, even those lost to the archive, can be told.

Frank Wilderson, “ Social Death and Narrative Aporia in 12 Years a Slave .” Black Camera , 2015

Frank Wilderson takes up 12 Years a Slave (both the slave narrative written by Solomon Northrup, published in 1853, and the recent movie adaptation directed by Steve McQueen) to argue that telling the stories of enslaved people in particular—and black people in general—constitutes both a logical impasse, one characterized by their status as non-human humans, and a fundamental critique of our normative understandings of narrative. Wilderson takes on theories of narratology that claim that the non-human typically becomes human in narrative by way of characterization. Wilderson argues that the figure of the enslaved person—a figure that lives under the threat of gratuitous violence, constant shame, and unguaranteed kinship—operates outside of this realm of narrative.

JSTOR is a digital library for scholars, researchers, and students. JSTOR Daily readers can access the original research behind our articles for free on JSTOR.

Get Our Newsletter

Get your fix of JSTOR Daily’s best stories in your inbox each Thursday.

Privacy Policy   Contact Us You may unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the provided link on any marketing message.

More Stories

Endangered: North American Cricket

Monastic Chant: Praising God Out Loud

The Complex History of American Dating

9 Ways to Create an “Intellectually Humble” Classroom

Recent posts.

• Defining and Redefining Intersex
• The Ethics of On-Screen Violence in The Sympathizer
• Becoming the British Virgin Islands
• Demystifying Sovereign Wealth Funds
• Painting Race

Support JSTOR Daily

Sign up for our weekly newsletter.

African American Studies

• African American Studies Overview

Topics in African American Studies

History & culture, civil war and slavery, civil rights, organizations.

• Find Articles at Lavery Library

Reference Librarian

The boxes below bring together numerous websites that provide information about specific topics in African American Studies. 

Topics include:

• Civil War & Slavery
• African American Leaders
• African American Organizations

Library Collections (outside Fisher)

• African-American Odyssey Freely accessible and searchable collections of documents and ephemera related to African Americans in the United States from the 17th century to present. Created and maintained by the Library of Congress.
• Black American Feminisms A multi-disciplinary bibliography of Black American Feminist thought across many academic fields.
• Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture From the website: The Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture in Harlem, one of The New York Public Library’s renowned research libraries, is a world-leading cultural institution devoted to the research, preservation, and exhibition of materials focused on African American, African Diaspora, and African experiences.

News and Media Organizations

• The 1619 Project From the website: The 1619 Project is an ongoing initiative from The New York Times Magazine that began in August 2019, the 400th anniversary of the beginning of American slavery. It aims to reframe the country’s history by placing the consequences of slavery and the contributions of black Americans at the very center of our national narrative. For full access to the New York Times, follow these instructions.
• Africans In America PBS overview of African American history includes excerpts from primary sources.

Collections Curated by Organizations

• African American Mosaic A Library of Congress Resource Guide for the Study of Black History & Culture.
• African Diaspora Music Project From the About page: To create a repository for the concert works (those intended for the concert stage; aka classical works) of composers of the African Diaspora. (The African Diaspora in this context is defined as those composers throughout the world descended from people of West and Central Africa).
• Black Past This site includes an online encyclopedia of hundreds of famous and lesser-known figures in African America, full-text primary documents and major speeches of black activists and leaders from the 18th Century to the present.
• Facing History and Ourselves By studying the historical development of race in US history, the Holocaust and other examples of genocide, students make the essential connection between history and the moral choices they confront in their own lives. Excellent resources for teachers and student teachers.
• Tangled Roots This project produced by the Gilder Lehrman Center for the Study of Slavery, Resistance and Abolition is a collection of primary documents from the 17th century to the present "about the shared history of African Americans and Irish Americans." Also see the Center's archive of more than 200 digitized items dealing with African American history.

Colleges and Universities

• Documenting Slave Voyages From the website: Led by Emory, a massive digital memorial shines new light on one of the most harrowing chapters of human history.
• The Geography of Slavery in Virginia "The Geography of Slavery in Virginia is a digital collection of advertisements for runaway and captured slaves and servants in 18th- and 19th-century Virginia newspapers."
• Making of America: Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies From the website: Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies, part of Cornell Universities Making of America collection
• North American Slave Narratives A collection of "approximately two hundred texts, including all known narratives of fugitive and former slaves published in broadsides, pamphlets, or book form in English up to 1920 and many of the biographies of fugitive and former slaves published in English before 1920."
• The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies From the website: Official records of the Union and Confederate armies, part of Cornell Universities Making of America collection

Library of Congress

• Atlantic Slave Trade and Slave Life in America: A Visual Record Hundreds of images depicting slavery and the slave trade, includes maps, illustrations and photographs.
• Born in Slavery: Slave Narratives from the Federal Writers' Project 1936-1938 A Library of Congress collection of more than 2,300 first person accounts of slavery plus 500 photographs. Some audio narratives are included as well.

State and Local Histories

• African Americans and the End of Slavery in Massachusetts This Massachusetts Historical Society exhibit features 117 documents including letters, warrants, bills of sale and antislavery material.
• Images of the Antislavery Movement in Massachusetts A Massachusetts Historical Society collection of 840 visual materials from the collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society that illustrate the role of Massachusetts in the national debate over slavery. Included are photographs, paintings, sculptures, engravings, artifacts, banners, and broadsides that were central to the debate and the formation of the antislavery movement.

Curated Collections

• Slavery Images From the website: A visual record of the African Slave Trade and slave life in the early African Diaspora.
• SlaveVoyages From the website: This digital memorial raises questions about the largest slave trades in history and offers access to the documentation available to answer them.
• Valley of the Shadow A digital archive of primary sources that document the lives of people in Augusta County, Virginia, and Franklin County, Pennsylvania, during the era of the American Civil War. Here you may explore thousands of original documents that allow you to see what life was like during the Civil War for the men and women of Augusta and Franklin.

Museums and Digital Collections

• Civil Rights Digital Library From the website: The Civil Rights Digital Library Initiative represents one of the most ambitious and comprehensive efforts to date to deliver educational content on the Civil Rights Movement via the Web. more... less... Documents the struggle for racial equality in the 1950s and 1960s through a digital video archive of historical news film, extensive links to related digital collections, and secondary Web-based learning resources such as contextual stories, encyclopedia articles, lesson plans, and activities.
• The Civil Rights Movement History Channel website includes chronologies, film clips, photos.
• Freedom Now Collection of documents and photographs illustrating the history of the Mississippi Freedom Movement. The site is a collaborative project of Brown University and Tougaloo College.
• Historical Publications of the United States Civil Rights Commission U.S. Commission on Civil Rights - Historical Publications.
• Jim Crow Museum of Racist Memorabilia Museum at Ferris State University provides images of racist objects, images and cartoons along with essays.
• Who Speaks for the Negro? From the website: materials related to the book of the same name published by Robert Penn Warren in 1965. The original materials are held at the University of Kentucky and Yale University Libraries.

Oral Histories

• Oral Histories of the American South - Civil Rights Collection of oral histories from a number of Southern oral history programs.
• Oral History of the March on Washington Available from the Smithsonian Magazine, from the website: Americans who marched on Washington 50 years ago under a blazing sun recall the day they were part of a turning point in history.
• "Born in the Wake of Freedom:" John Mitchell, Jr., and the Richmond Planet The history of the oldest African American newspaper and it's most famous editor. An exhibit created by the Virginia Newspaper Project.
• The Frederick Douglass Papers The first release of this Library of Congress collection contains over 2000 items and "contains the writings of Douglass and such contemporaries in the abolitionist and early women's rights movements as Henry Ward Beecher, Ida B. Wells, Gerrit Smith, Horace Greeley, and others."
• Malcolm X: A Research Site This web page is designed to be a resource for scholarship in Black Studies and the political development of activists in the Black Liberation Movement.
• Martin Luther King Jr. Project Project sponsored by Stanford University and the MLK Center for Nonviolent Social Change. Includes a brief, selected documents, and a searchable database of transcriptions of MLK papers and secondary works.
• UCLA African Studies Center (Marcus Garvey UNIA Papers Project) Web site accompanying the publication of Garvey's papers, includes sample documents, narrative and some photographs.
• W.E.B. Dubois Papers at University of Massachusetts Amherst University of Massachusetts Amherst provides a biography, exhibits, photographs and selected books and articles by W.E.B. Du Bois.
• The Association for the Study of African American Life and History The mission of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH) is to promote, research, preserve, interpret and disseminate information about Black life, history and culture to the global community.
• Association of Black Women Historians From the website: The ABWH constitution outlines four organizational goals: to establish a network among the membership; to promote Black women in the profession; to disseminate information about opportunities in the field; and to make suggestions concerning research topics and repositories.
• National Association for the Advancement of Colored People The mission of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is to ensure the political, educational, social, and economic equality of rights of all persons and to eliminate race-based discrimination.
• National Association of African American Studies Information and support for research related to the African and African American, Hispanic, Latino(a) and Chicano(a), Native American and Asian experiences.
• National Council for Black Studies From the website: The National Council for Black Studies (NCBS) was established in 1975, when African American scholars came together to formalize the study of the African World experience, as well as expand and strengthen academic units and community programs devoted to this endeavor.
• << Previous: African American Studies Overview
• Next: Find Articles at Lavery Library >>
• Last Updated: Jun 12, 2024 11:12 AM
• URL: https://libguides.sjf.edu/afam

• Women's History

African American History

• Collections

• Black History Month 2024

February is Black History Month! Visit our history month page to learn about our special activities.

Explore the digital resources on this page to learn more about African American history at the National Museum of American History.

Photo above: Marian Anderson performing at the Lincoln Memorial on April 9, 1939. Scurlock Studio Records, Series 4: Black and White Negatives Box 618.04.86, Archives Center ( AC0618ns0227136-01jp )

Exhibitions

Greensboro lunch counter.

Treasures and Trouble

Looking inside a legendary blues archive.

American Democracy

A great leap of faith.

Many Voices, One Nation

Black Life in Two Pandemics: Histories of Violence

John Lewis and Good Trouble

The history behind Julian “Cannonball” Adderley’s saxophone

Educational resources.

• Education | Becoming US: Teacher resources for a more accurate and inclusive migration and immigration narrative
• Social Studies Online: Black History Month | Learning Lab
• Resources on Martin Luther King Jr. | Learning Lab
• Abolition | National Youth Summit
• Freedom Rides | National Youth Summit
• Freedom Summer | National Youth Summit
• Teen Resistance to Systemic Racism | National Youth
• Inspiring STEM Pathways: Contemporary Inventors as Role Models for the Next Generation | Lemelson Center

Watch the Program

The museum's newest podcast series, Collected , is a project of the African American History Curatorial Collective. Centering stories curated by the Collective’s members, this podcast offers compelling and accessible journeys through topics in African American history that are particularly relevant today. The topic for the first season of Collected is Black Feminism.

Other Smithsonian-related podcast episodes featuring African American history include:

• The Fugitive Brewer | Smithsonian Sidedoor
• Lena Richard | Smithsonian Sidedoor
• Muhammad Ali’s Robe | Lost at the Smithsonian

Listen to the Collected podcast

In addition to the recent highlights below, the museum's  YouTube channel  has many more videos that explore African American history, including entries in the Program in African American History and Culture  and  Reckoning with Remembrance: History, Injustice, and the Murder of Emmett Till  playlists.

• Reflections on the Greensboro Lunch Counter
• Recovering Food Histories with Toni Tipton-Martin and Friends  
• Stories of Black Philanthropy: Treasures from the National Museum of American History
• What did Tulsa’s Greenwood District look like in the mid-1900s? | Harold M. Anderson Black Wall Street Film Collection
• How are museums collecting around COVID-19 and Black Lives Matter? | Pandemic Perspectives
• Race and Place: Yellow Fever and the Free African Society in Philadelphia | Pandemic Perspectives
• Duke Ellington’s “Cotton Tail”| Smithsonian Jazz Masterworks Quintet
• Melba Liston's  “Now, Ain't It” | Smithsonian Jazz Masterworks Sextet
• Dizzy Gillespie’s “A Night in Tunisia” | Smithsonian Jazz Masterworks Octet
• Jamming with James: Vocalese in Jazz | Smithsonian Cares
• What's in an Identity? Denea Joseph on the Practice of Intersectional Organizing | Tell Me What Democracy Looks Like
• Civic Action | Young People Shake Up Elections (History Proves It)

Watch the Trailer

Archival Collections

The National Museum of American History’s Archives Center collects, preserves, and provides access to numerous  archival collections related to African American history . 

Some highlights include:

• Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of African American Sacred Music
• Duke Ellington Collection
• Moses Moon Civil Rights Movement Audio Collection
• Program in African American Culture Collection
• Scurlock Studio Records
• Susie Paige Afro-American Greeting Card Collection

The Archives Center recently completed work as part of a grant from the Council on Library and Information Resources to establish the  D.C. Africana Archives Project . The grant aimed to document African American and African culture, history, and politics in Washington, D.C., through photographs and documents held by people and organizations throughout the city.

Museum Objects

Duke Ellington's rosary

This rosary once belonged to Duke Ellington, famed musician and composer, serving as one tangible piece of Ellington’s complex religious identity and expression.

Firefighter's Badge for Niagara Fire Company No. 8

William P. Perry, a bricklayer in Charleston, South Carolina, was just 17 years old when he joined the Niagara Fire Company No. 8, an independent African American volunteer fire company in 1861.

Harriet Powers's Bible Quilt

Harriet Powers, an African American farm woman of Clarke County, Georgia, made this quilt in the late 1880s.

Organ shoes, worn by Althea Thomas

Althea Thomas served as organist for Martin Luther King Jr.’s congregation at Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama from 1955 unti King announcing his departure for Atlanta in December, 1959. Her performances while wearing these shoes of gospel anthems such as “Precious Lord, Take My Hand” inspired King and his congregation every Sunday during the landmark Montgomery bus boycott.

Prince's Yellow Cloud Electric Guitar

In 1983, Prince hired the Minneapolis, Minnesota guitar company Knut-Koupee Enterprises to build this, likely his first “Cloud” guitar,

Defaced Emmett Till Historic Marker

This historical marker erected by the Emmett Till Memorial Commission is pierced by 317 bullet holes; it is only one of many defaced historical markers memorializing sites of Emmett Till's lynching in the Mississippi Delta.

Other Smithsonian Resources

• African American History Curatorial Collective | National Museum of American History
• African American History Program | National Museum of American History
• Searchable Museum | National Museum of African American History and Culture
• Anacostia Community Museum
• National Museum of African American History and Culture
• Our Shared Future: Reckoning with Our Racial Past

Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World

Read our research on:

Full Topic List

Regions & Countries

• Publications
• Our Methods
• Short Reads
• Tools & Resources

Read Our Research On:

For Black Americans, family and friends are a primary source of information on U.S. Black history

Nearly nine-in-ten Black Americans say they are at least somewhat informed about the history of Black people in the United States, with family and friends being the single largest source of information about it, according to a recent Pew Research Center survey of Black adults .

This analysis is from Pew Research Center’s second in-depth survey of public opinion among Black Americans (read the first, “ Faith Among Black Americans ”). It provides a robust opportunity to examine the rich diversity of Black people in the United States. The survey explores differences based on the importance of Black identity to Black Americans, between U.S.-born Black people and Black immigrants, between Black people who live in different regions, and those of different ethnicities, party affiliations, ages and income statuses.

The online survey of 3,912 Black U.S. adults was conducted Oct. 4-17, 2021. The survey includes 1,025 Black adults on Pew Research Center’s American Trends Panel (ATP) and 2,887 Black adults on Ipsos’ KnowledgePanel. Respondents on both panels are recruited through national, random sampling of residential addresses.

Recruiting panelists by phone or mail ensures that nearly all U.S. Black adults have a chance of selection. This gives us confidence that any sample can represent the whole population (see our Methods 101 explainer on random sampling). Here are the questions used for the survey of Black adults , along with responses, and its methodology .

The achievements of Black Americans are recognized every February during Black History Month, which traces its roots to an exhibition commemorating their emancipation from slavery.

The historical origins of Black History Month

Black History Month has its origins in a Black history display that Carter G. Woodson created in 1915 for an exhibition honoring the 50th anniversary of Black Americans’ emancipation from slavery. Woodson wanted the celebration of Black American freedom and achievement to continue beyond the exhibition, so he founded several intellectual and cultural endeavors: the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History in 1915, the Journal of Negro History in 1916, and ultimately Negro History Week in 1926.

Woodson selected February for Negro History Week to align with previously established Black American celebrations of both Frederick Douglass’ and Abraham Lincoln’s birthdays. Fifty years after its founding, Negro History Week was expanded to Black History Month in 1976 by the organization Woodson founded, now known as the Association for the Study of African American Life and History.   

About half of Black Americans (51%) say they are very or extremely informed about the history of Black people in the U.S. Nearly four-in-ten (37%) say they are somewhat informed, while 11% say they are a little or not at all informed.

Among Black adults who identify as Black alone, 51% say they are very or extremely informed about U.S. Black history. An identical share of multiracial (51%) adults say the same. About half of U.S.-born Black adults (51%) and Black immigrants (50%) also say they are very or extremely informed about U.S. Black history.

There are notable differences among Black adults in how well informed they say they are when it comes to U.S. Black history. Black adults who say being Black is highly important to their identity are almost twice as likely as those who say being Black is less important (57% vs. 29%) to say they are very or extremely informed about the history of Black people in the U.S.

In addition, Black adults ages 30 and older are more likely than those under 30 to say that they are very or extremely informed.

Black Americans who know at least a little about U.S. Black history say they learned about it in many different ways. The most common way is from family and friends, with 43% saying they learned everything or most of what they know about Black history from those close to them. (See detailed tables below for more on how subgroups of Black Americans rate their knowledge of Black history and where they learned about it.)

Smaller shares say they learned about U.S. Black history from the media (30%), the internet (27%) and K-12 schools (23%). For those with at least an associate degree, 24% say they learned about U.S. Black history from higher education.

Views of one’s own racial identity can influence how Black Americans learn about U.S. Black history. The share of Black Americans who say they learned this history from family and friends reaches 48% among those who say being Black is a very or extremely important part of their identity, compared with just 30% among those who say being Black is less important to their identity. Black Americans who say being Black is an important part of their identity are also more likely to have learned about Black history from the media (33% vs. 22% who say being Black is less important to them), internet (30% vs. 18%) and higher education (26% vs. 14%), for those with at least an associate degree.

Black adults under age 30 (38%) and ages 30 to 49 (31%) are more likely than those 50 to 64 (22%) and 65 and older (14%) to say they learned everything or most things they know about Black history from the internet. Black adults under 30 (31%) and ages 30 to 49 (25%) also are more likely than those 50 to 64 (20%) and 65 and older (17%) to say they learned all or most of what they know about their history from K-12 schools.

Non-Hispanic Black adults (45%) are more likely than Black multiracial adults (32%) to say they learned everything or most things they know about Black history from their family and friends. While U.S.-born Black adults (44%) and Black immigrants (36%) are similarly likely to rely on family and friends as sources, Black immigrants are more likely than U.S.-born Black adults to have learned about Black history from the media (45% vs. 29%) and the internet (40% vs. 26%).

Note: Here are the questions used for the survey of Black adults, along with responses, and its methodology .

• Black Americans
• Racial & Ethnic Identity

Kiana Cox is a senior researcher focusing on race and ethnicity at Pew Research Center .

Most Black Americans Believe U.S. Institutions Were Designed To Hold Black People Back

An early look at black voters’ views on biden, trump and election 2024, a look at black-owned businesses in the u.s., 8 facts about black americans and the news, black americans’ views on success in the u.s., most popular.

901 E St. NW, Suite 300 Washington, DC 20004 USA (+1) 202-419-4300 | Main (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax (+1) 202-419-4372 |  Media Inquiries

Research Topics

• Email Newsletters

ABOUT PEW RESEARCH CENTER  Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. It is a subsidiary of  The Pew Charitable Trusts .

© 2024 Pew Research Center

Holman Library

• African American History
• History Topics & Timelines
• Black History Month
• Police Brutality & Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System
• Civil Rights Collections & Articles
• Civil Rights Multimedia
• MLK Jr. & Civil Right Activists
• Jim Crow Segregation
• White Supremacy & Violence
• The Harlem Renaissance
• The American Civil War
• Emancipation & Reconstruction
• The Transatlantic Slave Trade
• The Institution of Slavery in the United States
• Narratives & Oral Histories of Enslaved Persons
• The Abolition Movement & Underground Railroad

Breaking Down Topics in African American History: Timelines & Topics

Historical topics.

• Contemporary Topics

Featured Timelines

• Library of Congress: African American Timeline: 1850-1925 From the Library of Congress "A timeline chronicling major events and notable people effecting African American History from the years 1852 through 1925."
• Black History: Moments in Time Search on this interactive timeline from "The Root" to read short articles on specific people or events in history.

• Slavery By Another Name: Interactive Map From PBS' American Experiences comes an interactive timeline and map regarding slavery and reconstruction in US History

Featured: BlackPast's Interactive Timeline

BlackPast.org has a great interactive African American History Timeline covering events from 1500-2021. Search this visual timeline to learn more, access related articles - that often feature primary source materials - use the filters to narrow your topic, or search by keyword. There is also a searchable table format of the timeline, allowing you to search by date, event, person, era, and more.

(click on image to enlarge)

Notable Figures in African American History

• W.E.B. DuBois
• Medgar Evers
• Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
• Thurgood Marshall
• Dorothy Dandridge
• Ida B. Wells
• Booker T. Washington
• George Washington Carver
• Josephine Baker
• James Baldwin
• Langston Hughes
• Paul Robeson
• Henry Ossawa Tanner
• James Van Der Zee
• Ralph Ellison
• James Meredith
• Willa B. Player
• Carter G. Woodson
• Cornell West
• Henry Louis Gates, Jr.
• Condoleeza Rice
• Maya Angelou
• Clarence Thomas

Historical Events 

• Bacon's Rebellion (1675)
• New York City Slave Uprising (1712)
• New York Slave Conspiracy (1741)
• African Americans in the Revolutionary War (1775)
• Northwest Ordinance (1787)
• 3/5 Compromise (1787)
• The Cotton Gin is patented (1794)
• Cincinnati Race Riots (1836)
• Frederick Douglass' Narrative published (1845)
• The Great Compromise of 1850 (1850)
• Sojourner Truth’s Ain't I a Woman? (1850)
• The Bridget “biddy” Mason Case (1856)
• Dred Scott (1857)
• Harper's Ferry (1859)
• The New Mexico Territory Slave Code (1859-1862)
• Emancipation Proclamation (1862)
• American Civil War (1961-1865)
• African Americans in the Civil War (1863)
• Kansas State Colored Convention (1863)
• Sharecropping (1865-)
• Thirteenth Amendment (1865)
• Juneteenth is created (1865)
• Fourteenth Amendment (1868)
• The Great Exodus (1879)
• The Plessy V. Ferguson Decision (1896)
• Atlanta Race Riot (1906)
• NAACP formed (1909)
• Birth of a Nation, aired (1915)
• Nashville Streetcar Boycott (1905-1907)
• Great Migration (1915- c1960)
• World War I (1914-1918)
• Harlem Renaissance (1920s)
• The Duluth Lynchings (1920)
• Tulsa Race Massacre (1921)
• Dyer Anti-lynching Bill (1922)
• Scottsboro Boys Trial and Defense Campaign (1931–1937)
• Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment (1932-1972)
• Harlem Race Riot (1935)
• World War II (1939-1945)
• Detroit Race Riot (1943)
• Jackie Robinson in baseball (1947)
• Military Desegregation (1948)
• Baton Rouge Bus Boycott (1953)
• Brown v. Board (1954)
• Emmitt Till lynched (1955)
• Vietnam War (1955-1975)
• Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955-56)
• The Clinton Desegregation Crisis (1956)
• Little Rock Crisis (1957)
• SNCC formed (1960)
• Freedom Rides (1961)
• Birmingham church bombing (1963)
• The California Fair Housing Act (1963-1968)
• The Harlem Race Riot (1964)
• Civil Rights Act (1964)
• Bloody Sunday Protest March, Selma (1965)
• Black Panther Party formed (1966)
• Chicago Freedom Movement (1965–1967)
• African Americans in the Vietnam War (1960s)
• Greensboro Sit-ins (1960)
• Detroit Race Riot (1967)
• Loving v. Virginia (1967)
• MLK assassinated (1968)
• Orangeburg Massacre (1968)
• Greensboro Massacre (1979)
• Rodney King Riots (1992)
• Million Man March (1995)
• Million Woman March (1995)
• The Cincinnati Riot (2001)
• Hurricane Katrina (2005)
•  Barack Obama becomes President (2008, 2012)
• Trayvon Martin is killed (2012)
• Black Lives Matter hashtag founded by activist (2014)
• Ferguson Riot and Ferguson Unrest (2014-2015)
• The Charleston Church Massacre (2015)
• Loretta Lynch sworn in as first African American woman Attorney General (2015)
• Amanda Gorman is named the youngest National Youth Poet Laureate (2017)
• George Floyd is killed (2020)
• Breonna Taylor (2020)
• Kamala Harris sworn in as first African American and woman vice-president (2021)
• Race riots 
• Black-owned businesses
• Black suffrage
• Historically Black Colleges
• Black stereotypes & public representation
• Slave holding/trade
• Hate Groups & Violence
• Sharecropping
• Civil War 
• Abolition 
• Nation of Islam
• National Urban League
• Myth of the "Welfare Queen"
• "Blacksploitation" films
• "ebonics"
• Inner-city schools
• Black Power
• School-to-Prison-Pipeline

Current and Contemporary Issues 

• Mass incarceration
• Income inequality
• Affirmative action
• Housing discrimination
• Education gap
• President Obama
• Mainstreaming of African American Music
• Demographics of US cities
• Gay rights and Black churches
• Slavery reparations
• Media portrayal of African Americans
• Police brutality/profiling
• Voter turnout
• Health disparity
• Capital punishment disparity
• Black Lives Matter & George Floyd (Covid-19 time of racial upheaval/broadcasting)
• << Previous: African American History
• Next: Celebrating Black Culture >>
• Last Updated: Aug 17, 2024 4:07 PM
• URL: https://libguides.greenriver.edu/blackhistory

• Langson Library
• Science Library
• Grunigen Medical Library
• Law Library
• Connect From Off-Campus
• Accessibility
• Gateway Study Center

Email this link

African american studies.

• Reference Resources
• Books & Dissertations
• Research Databases
• Primary Sources
• Streaming Media
• Libraries, Museums, & Institutes
• Inclusive Research Practices
• Citation Management
• Research Tools and Services

Connect from Off Campus

Researching from home? Remote access to the UCI Libraries' licensed online resources is available to current UC Irvine students, faculty & staff. Visit our Connect from Off-Campus page for more information!

Ask a Librarian

Using reference resources.

Reference sources are a great starting point for starting research on a new topic because they provide general information on a topic. They often include the following types of information to help you get started:

• Get an overview of a new or complex topic
• Find out the names of key players in a given area
• Locate terms that you can use in your research
• Help narrow (or expand) your topic
• Locate a bibliography of sources to help you start your research

Reference sources include encyclopedias, handbooks, dictionaries, and other sources like them. Some reference sources for African American studies-related topics are listed below.

Highlighted Resources

Reference Sources

A selection of digital and print reference resources, including encyclopedias, handbooks, and other types of overview information.

• Oxford Bibliographies Online: African American Studies Offers peer-reviewed annotated bibliographies on provide bibliographic articles that identify, organize, cite, and annotate on key areas of African American Studies -- culture, politics, law, history, society, religion, and economics.
• Oxford Bibliographies Online: Atlantic History Offers peer-reviewed annotated bibliographies on the transnational interconnections between Europe, North America, South America, and Africa.
• The Concise Oxford Companion to African American Literature Covers an enormous range of writers and includes entries on major works (including synopses of novels), literary characters, and icons of black culture. There are also general articles on poetry, fiction, and drama; on autobiography, slave narratives, Sunday School literature, and oratory; as well as on a wide spectrum of related topics.
• Blackpast: An Online Reference Guide to African American History Resources include an open-access encyclopedia, primary sources, bibliographies, timelines, etc.
• Encyclopedia of African-American Culture and History (2006) A five-volume set and supplement covering all aspects of the African-American experience from 1619 to the time of publication. Using biographies, historical essays, and thematic pieces, it addresses a wide array of subjects to define in one source the cultural roots, participation in American life, and current condition of the African-American community.
• Encyclopedia of Black Studies (2005) Contains an analysis of the economic, political, sociological, historical, literary, and philosophical issues related to Americans of African descent.

Highlighted Web Resources

• Critical Race Theory, Explained UCI professors made a series of videos explaining CRT.
• CRT Collective A community of international, interdisciplinary, and intersectional scholar-activists who are committed to cultivating knowledge and information across borders. Our community’s vision is to develop knowledge justice tools for dismantling white supremacy and oppressive hierarchies as they manifest in spaces of work, education and society.
• Black American Feminisms: A Multidisciplinary Bibliography This website offers an extensive bibliography of black American Feminist thought from across the disciplines. Created by a librarian at UCSB, the guide was an effort to combat the erasure of black feminist subjectivity and thought through the promotion and use of the literature. more... less... Due to the librarian retiring, the last update was made in 2020.

General Reference Sources

Reference sources in print.

• The African American Encyclopedia Located in Langson Library Reference Department: E185 .A253 2001 (10 vols.) more... less... Brief entries, some with bibliographic references to additional material. Illustrated.
• African-American Newspapers & Periodicals: A National Bibliography Located in Langson Library Reference Department: PN4882.5 .A44 1998
• Black Biography, 1790-1950 : A Cumulative Index Located in Langson Library Reference Department: Z1361.N39 B52 1991 (3 vols.)
• State of Black America Located at Langson Library Reference Department: E 185.5 S74 more... less... Published annually by the National Urban League. Latest issue in Reference, the rest in Langson Bound Periodicals. Each issue includes many articles on one major theme. 2000-available online.
• << Previous: Home
• Next: Books & Dissertations >>
• Last Updated: May 31, 2024 2:18 PM
• URL: https://guides.lib.uci.edu/african_american_studies

Off-campus? Please use the Software VPN and choose the group UCIFull to access licensed content. For more information, please Click here

Software VPN is not available for guests, so they may not have access to some content when connecting from off-campus.

Service update: Some parts of the Library’s website will be down for maintenance on August 11.

Secondary menu

• Log in to your Library account
• Hours and Maps
• Connect from Off Campus
• UC Berkeley Home

Search form

African american studies: theses and dissertations.

• Theses and Dissertations
• Audio & Video
• Government documents
• Letters, diaries, and papers
• Magazines & Journals
• Oral histories
• Black Panther Party This link opens in a new window
• Business & Labor
• Civil Rights
• Military Service
• Racial Violence
• Reconstruction & Politics
• Segregation and Black Migration
• Slavery This link opens in a new window
• Social/Cultural History
• Women & Gender
• Citation Management
• Lit Review + Methods
• Scavenger Hunt

Bibliography of theses and dissertations on African American topics completed at Berkeley.

• African American Theses and Dissertations 1907-2001. This bibliography lists 600 theses and dissertations on African American topics completed at the University of California, Berkeley. The earliest thesis, by Emmet Gerald Alexander, State Education of the Negro in the South, was completed in 1907 in the Department of Education, while the most recent date from the calendar year 2001. The African experience in the Americas is the connecting thread which links these works completed in thirty three disciplines over the past eight decades. This experience is construed in its widest sense; included therefore are studies of Blacks in the Caribbean and in Central and Latin America as well as in North America. Theses not indubitably on this subject as revealed by their titles have been examined; we have retained only titles either entirely or substantially devoted to this subject. The collection is on microfilm in News/Micro Microfilm 2030.E. The originals have been moved to NRLF.

Find Dissertations

Find Dissertations by searching Dissertations and Theses (Dissertation Abstracts) Full Text , which includes full-text of most dissertations since 1997. It indexes over 1.5 million dissertations completed in North American (including UC) and European universities from 1861 to the present. Listings after 1980 include abstracts, and some feature 24-page excerpts. 

If the dissertation is not available in the database, check UC Library Search . Dissertations completed at other UC campuses prior to 1996 or outside the UC system must be obtained through Interlibrary Loan .

• << Previous: Reference
• Next: Data >>
• Last Updated: Aug 16, 2024 9:57 AM
• URL: https://guides.lib.berkeley.edu/subject-guide/African-American

Top of page

Searching African American Newspapers in Chronicling America

February 28, 2023

Posted by: Malea Walker

Share this post:

Robin Pike, Head, Digital Collection Services Section in the Serial and Government Publications Division, conducted the following interviews with Errol Somay (Library of Virginia) in Richmond, VA, and Brian Irby (Arkansas State Archives), in Little Rock, AR.

Chronicling America* has grown its collection of newspapers by and for African Americans under the National Digital Newspaper Program (NDNP) through the contributions of state partners . It currently holds African American titles spanning over 100 years from 1829 to 1963, with the bulk of available issues from the 1880s to the 1940s. Freemen (African Americans who were never enslaved) and recently emancipated people wrote the earliest newspapers, and prominent religious, political, community members, and career journalists wrote later newspapers. When reading about relevant topics and time periods, it is important to compare versions of the stories in the mainstream press with articles from the African American press.

The following interviews with NDNP partners from Arkansas and Virginia highlight three titles that provide details about the early civil rights movement, the end of school segregation, and post-Civil War Reconstruction in Richmond, VA, the former Confederate capital. We conclude with search strategies for users. More information can be found in this new guide, African American Newspapers .

Can you tell me about the significance of the newspaper titles by African Americans that Arkansas has included in Chronicling America?

Many of the African American newspaper titles at the Arkansas State Archives are short runs of scattered issues. In our current project phase, we digitized 11 titles , including a miscellaneous reel that contains 10 titles. Though these titles are incomplete, these newspapers are significant in that they provide a snapshot of communities that were largely invisible in the white press. Black Arkansans needed a way to record the daily lives and events that were important to their communities. They reported on church events, births, deaths, community concerts, sales of Black-owned businesses, honor roll at the local elementary school, etc. The goal of including all of these newspapers was simple: representation.

The most significant paper we have digitized is the Arkansas State Press (1941-1959). L.C. and Daisy Bates moved to Little Rock to establish a newspaper. Using printing equipment in the basement of the Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church, located in the heart of Little Rock’s thriving 9th Street African American business district, the newspaper covered state and national events. While the State Press was not the first paper published by Black Arkansans, it is the most significant given its longevity and its pointed coverage of the civil rights movement. Previous Black-owned-and-operated papers rarely expressed views that would upset the racial order that prevailed in Arkansas’s segregated society. L.C. Bates, along with his wife, co-editor Daisy Bates, changed how civil rights news was covered by focusing on the perspectives of those most affected. While other Black newspapers of the time shied away from reporting on injustices in Little Rock and Arkansas, the State Press covered it head on, which ultimately led to its demise in 1959.

The paper became nationally known during the Central High Crisis. Complying with the U.S. Supreme Court’s mandate that all public schools desegregate, Little Rock’s Central High began the process of admitting African American students in 1957, beginning with nine students. As the students met on a street corner on September 4 for the first day of school, they found screaming protestors demanding that Black students not be allowed into the school. Governor Orval Faubus mobilized the Arkansas National Guard to surround the school to prevent Black students from entering the building. In response, President Dwight Eisenhower took away control of the Arkansas National Guard from the governor and ordered the Guard to allow the students to enter the building. Throughout the crisis, Daisy Bates took an active role coordinating the students’ activities and reporting about their experiences as the first African American students to desegregate the city’s schools in the Arkansas State Press .

What have you have learned about these newspapers through the process of digitization?

Many African American newspapers do not survive in Arkansas prior to the 1950s. Since the newspapers were often small operations running in small towns, they left very little trace about the people that ran the paper and the dates they were published. With an obvious gap in our coverage of African American communities, we also have a gap in Arkansas’s history, inhibiting our ability to understand how these newspapers functioned within the communities and about the communities themselves.

Despite these challenges, we recognize the value of the newspapers and their ability to record stories that were overlooked by the dominant, white press. For instance, the Forrest City Herald (1896-18??) with only a few surviving issues from 1896, gives us insight into what the local African American community in Forrest City deemed valuable. On March 14, 1896, the paper reported the following news items: The Bible Church of the CME church in Forrest City was well attended and many attendees had good thoughts about the scripture reading. Miss Annie B. Fitzpatrick made many warm friends while visiting at Forrest City’s schools. Lugenia Bell, a new teacher, was expected to teach in one of the schools soon. Her father, Levi Bell, the paper reports “made great sacrifices to send her to school.” Though these events seem small, perhaps not even news worthy by today’s standards, they provide insights to Forrest City as a community that emphasized church, education, family, and friends.

How have these newspapers been used for research?

Though our African American newspapers are a recent addition to Chronicling America, the newspapers have been available in our collection at the Arkansas State Archives. In our experience working with the public, genealogical research has been a primary focus. So often, researchers have only a name to begin their research. They may not have birth and death dates and they may only have a vague idea of where their ancestor lived and when. The ability to keyword search in Chronicling America enables researchers to have a better ability to narrow their focus and to find out key details of their ancestor’s lives.

We have promoted Arkansas’s newspapers in Chronicling America to teachers and librarians. We have also been actively encouraging middle and high school students to use newspapers in Chronicling America. The use of primary source materials is important to understanding the subjects they are learning about in class. Using Chronicling America, these topics are no longer dry accounts in their textbooks, but are active, living stories that can bring about a greater appreciation for these topics. Through collaborative partnerships, word-of-mouth, and targeted marketing efforts, we hope that our African American newspapers will become a vital resource in learning about the past.

Is there anything else you would like to share about these newspapers or the Arkansas newspaper project? Where can readers find you online?

Our team has been encouraged by the public interest in the project and the pride that people take in sharing content from their local newspapers. Until recently, researchers have been limited in their ability to travel to our facility and the amount of time it takes to sift through newspaper microfilm. Now, with free access from any internet-connected device, more people have the ability to become researchers.

Through the process of digitizing Arkansas’s historic newspapers, we often ask ourselves–how do we know what we know about the past? We learn that to know anything about the past, we are tied to the primary sources. When an entire community is excluded, large gaps in that story distort our perspective of the past. Our goal, as a state participant in the NDNP project, is to find those papers and to fill in those gaps.

You can read more about Arkansas’s involvement in the National Digital Newspaper Program on our project website . Every Thursday our team takes over the Arkansas State Archives’s Facebook , Twitter , and Instagram accounts to post new and interesting content from the historic newspaper headlines.

Can you tell me about the significance of the newspaper titles by African Americans that Virginia has included in Chronicling America?

One of the key facts of the extant record of African American newspapers available to researchers is that many were not collected by local repositories. White-dominated organizations either did not receive copies or did not think it important enough to archive. However, the Richmond Planet survives as a nearly complete collection at the Library of Virginia (LVA). I have theorized that the savvy publisher of the Planet might have given the Governor a gift subscription that was moved over to the LVA for processing.

There are few newspaper titles in the 287-year history of Virginia newspaper publishing more historically significant than the Richmond Planet , which began in 1883. John Mitchell, Jr., one of the most important Virginians most people don’t know about, served as its publisher and “Fighting Editor” for almost 45 years, from 1885 to his death in 1929.

Given the scattered holdings of other African American papers, the LVA was excited to preserve, microfilm, and digitize the Richmond Planet and make the weekly publication fully text-searchable on Chronicling America. Mitchell’s life is the stuff of movies, standing tall in the face of crushing Jim Crow laws while doing what he could to protect his fellow African Americans from societal abuse and even lynching. Yet alongside Mitchell’s coverage of serious issues, he also included space, often on the front page, celebrating Richmond’s Black community and highlighting the accomplishments of individuals within that community.

For decades, the Planet had a singular voice, that of John Mitchell, Jr. who was a dogged believer in societal uplift but also did not hesitate to show in graphic detail the horrors of white supremacy. For example, he posted a list of all reported lynchings throughout the South, complete with a haunting faded half-tone image.

The papers should teach us the power of what I will call the alternative press. Read a story in the “paper of record,” and then read all about it in the Richmond Planet and you might read an entirely different story.

LVA has sponsored both regional and national African American genealogical society conferences, during which we educate people about the Planet . Many come to the conference already knowing about the importance of the title.

Is there anything else you would like to share about these newspapers or the Virginia newspaper project? Where can readers find you online?

Patrons may access digitized newspapers published in Virginia through Chronicling America (724,000 pages), as well as the LVA’s Virginia Newspaper Program’s freely accessible database Virginia Chronicle, which houses over 3 million pages of Virginia and West Virginia newspapers.

Search Strategies

The fastest way to find African American newspapers in Chronicling America is to go to the “ All Digitized Newspapers 1777-1963 ” tab and select “African American” in the “Ethnicity” dropdown menu. This list of newspaper titles is populated using the subject headings added by catalogers; at the time of this blog post, it currently contains 246 titles from 35 states and Washington, DC, though we are continuously adding new titles.

A researcher can then note the newspaper titles they want to search in, and then go to the Advanced Search tab and select only those titles. Select multiple titles to search at the same time by clicking while pressing the “Ctrl” key (on Windows) or “Cmd” key (on Mac).

In the title list , you will notice that some newspapers have a lot of issues while some only have one or a few issues. In 2022, the Library of Congress digitized and began putting online a microfilm collection of scattered African American newspaper issues collected from across the country in 1947. In February 2023, we added over 2,400 pages from Arkansas, California, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Minnesota, Nebraska, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Washington, DC to this collection. Titles with a significant number of issues include the Oakland Sunshine and the Western Outlook from California; L’union from Louisiana; the Weekly Anglo-African from New York; the New Age from Oregon; the State Journal from Pennsylvania; and the Leader and the National Leader from Washington, DC. Mr. Somay’s and Mr. Irby’s statements that major institutions typically didn’t collect African American newspapers is reflected in this collection of scattered issues. In the present day, this collection provides a representative sample of Black newspapers from across the country, and provides glimpses into people’s lives and communities, rather than the whole story. To find coverage of a national story, you may need to look in the scattered issues of several newspapers.

By clicking on the name of the newspaper, you are taken to the title record for the newspaper, which includes a title essay. The title essay is written by each state partner and provides additional background information about the newspaper, its editor(s), information about the community it provided news to, and major events or themes the newspaper covered. For the collection of scattered issues, we have provided a short summary of the microfilm collection and will be working to provide additional contextual information about groups of related newspapers in the future.

As a search strategy, when looking for events or terms, it helps to use historic terms that were used in the era in which the newspaper was printed. These terms may not be in use today because they have fallen out of fashion or because they are considered racist or insensitive. We recommend that a researcher first browse the newspaper title to learn what terms may have been used in both African American newspapers and the prominent white newspapers for the period they are interested in to find terms to help their search.

More information about the Library’s African American newspapers can be found in this newly-published guide. Additional research topics on prominent African Americans and events related to Black history can be found in the Topics in Chronicling America .

*The  Chronicling America  historic newspapers online collection is a product of the  National Digital Newspaper Program  and jointly sponsored by the Library and the  National Endowment for the Humanities .

Follow Chronicling America on Twitter  @ChronAmLOC

Click here to subscribe  to  Headlines & Heroes –it’s free!

See All Comments

Add a Comment Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

• How It Works
• Prices & Discounts

Exploring Afro American History: 50 Engrossing Research Paper Topics

Table of contents

Share this article

Achieve Academic Success with Expert Assistance!

Crafted from Scratch for You.

Ensuring Your Work’s Originality.

Transform Your Draft into Excellence.

Perfecting Your Paper’s Grammar, Style, and Format (APA, MLA, etc.).

Calculate the cost of your paper

Get ideas for your essay

BlackPast is dedicated to providing a global audience with reliable and accurate information on the history of African America and of people of African ancestry around the world. We aim to promote greater understanding through this knowledge to generate constructive change in our society.

African american history: research guides & websites.

Regarding Websites:

Web research can be very useful and lead to much useful and important information. While every effort has been made to list only “reliable” sites, researchers should be aware that control of sites change (often without notice) from time to time and, thus, the reliability and point of view of the website may change (for better or worse). One of the best uses of web information is to locate good primary and secondary sources that should be directly examined. Websites also go out of existence, so, for scholarly work, they are not reliable sources, like a published work which, presumably, will always be available in some library (Library of Congress) for examination. Beware especially of quoting or otherwise relying upon unidentified opinions found on websites. Basic guide to web research:

• Use your library BEFORE you start your web research. You will learn many terms that will be useful in your web research. You should read at least one good, broad secondary source on the subject before starting your research.
• Learn how to do web research. Google has a very good set of instructions. USE THEM!
• Know the site you are using. Find out who is responsible for it. An example of a very good site is the Avalon Project at the Yale Law School (use Google to find it.)
• Find the original printed source of the information given on the site. You may have to use your library sources or a research librarian to help you. Cite both the internet source and the printed source.

Major Research Guides and Resources–African American History 

• Freedom Narratives: Testimonies of West Africans from the Era of Slavery

Teacher Resources

• The Making of African American Identity, Pt. 1: 1500-1865
• The Making of African American Identity, Pt. 2: 1865-1917
• The Making of African American Identity, Pt. 3: 1917-1968
• Freedom’s Story, Teaching African American Literature and History

Research Resources

• Black Press USA Excellent online news service provides current national and local news articles on this website sponsored by the National Newspaper Publishers Association and the Black Press. Billed as “your independent source of news for the African American community,” the website includes links to Black Press  online newspapers  organized by state, a history section, press releases, and a search engine. A bit slow loading (as of 6/18/01), but highly recommended.
• Ebony Online Abstracts (not full text) of selected articles and features from current issue only. Abstracts function as a sort of expanded table of contents meant to lead the online reader to subscribe or otherwise seek out the physical magazine to continue reading the article of interest. No archived issues or articles, no search engine, no full table of contents or index.
• Freedom’s Journal Full text digitized copies of the nation’s first African American owned and operated newspaper, 1827-1829. The first 20 issues are currently (6/00) available free online, with the remaining 80 some issues scheduled to follow. Adobe Acrobat reader necessary, and available online for downloading if needed. From the State Historical Society of Wisconsin Library, a leader in the collection, preservation, and promotion of African American periodicals.
• Google Cultural Institute: Black History and Culture  Google has gathered together a vast collection of more than 4,000 online primary sources including documents, photographs, and other artifacts that illustrate African American history.  One document, for example, is Frederick Douglass’s handwritten 1857 letter to his former owner. Another  shows the famous Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama, site of the 1965 “Bloody Sunday” attack on Civil Rights marchers by Alabama State Troopers.
• Legal Defense Fund (NAACP) web page
• Library of Congress – Map Collections, 1500-2003
• NAACP Online  Homepage of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.
• National Archives (Washington, D.C.)
• Vibe Online Online version of this well-known youth-oriented music and culture magazine. Loaded with graphics, advertisements, illustrations, and articles.
• Western Journal of Black Studies Online index to this well-known literary research journal; includes links to the reference sections of articles from 1977-present. Some sections are available to online subscribers only; subscriptions available to individuals for a fee. Copies of this journal, 1997-present, are available

OTHER NOTABLE RESOURCES

• African American Women Writers Exemplary online resource presents text and images from the renowned Schomburg Center on the topic of African American women writers of the 19th century. Contents are searchable by title, author, and by literary genre (poetry, essays, etc.). Also includes a number of accompanying essays.
• Digital Schomburg: Images of African Americans from the 19th Century One of many noteworthy projects from the Schomburg Center, this digital photo album is searchable by broad category (such as “family,” “education,” “civil war,” or by keywords. Also included are brief essays that give an introduction to the photographs, as well as the broader topic of searching the past.
• Flashbacks: African American Education From the archives of the Atlantic Monthly magazine, historic essays from W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington on the topic of African American education. Also includes Bernard W. Harleston’s 1965 essay “ Higher Education for the Negro ,” Claude M. Steele’s 1992 “ Race and the Schooling of Black Americans ,” and Nicholas Lemann’s 1993 “ Philadelphia: Black Nationalism on Campus .”
• Flashbacks: Black History, American History More from the archives of the Atlantic Monthly, a number of important, full-text essays including Martin Luther King, Jr.’s “ The Negro is your brother ” (popularly known as the “ Letter from Birmingham Jai l”), a number of essay debates between Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois (including “ The Awakening of the Negro ,” “ Strivings of the Negro People, ” and others), plus an interview with Du Bois.
• The African American Coal Miner Information Center This site provides information on African American coal miners and coal mining families. It also includes a synopsis of African American coal mining experience and a growing list of miners in alphabetical order by last name, many with the place of birth.

African Americans (General)

• African American History in Allegany County, Maryland
• African American Voices in Congress
• Binding Wounds, Pushing Boundaries: African Americans in Civil War Medicine
• Black Quotidian: Everyday History in African American Newspapers
• Great Black Heroes (Podcasts)
• Great Black Inventors
• Black History in Champaign-Urbana, Illinois
• Center for Black Music Research
• Charles L Blockson Afro-American Collection, Temple University
• Creole History in Louisiana
• The History Makers.org
• History of Black Theater in America
• National Gallery of Art – African American Artists
• Pointe Coupee Parish History
• The Faces of Science: African Americans in the Sciences
• The Internet African American History Challenge
• The Mark E. Mitchell Collection of African American History
• The National Caucus and Center on Black Aged
• Unified Committee for Afro-American History in St. Mary’s County, Maryland
• Upper Housatonic Valley African American Heritage Trail

African American Women

• African American Women’s History on About.com
• American Women’s History: A Research Guide (African American Women)
• Association of Black Women’s Historians
• History of Black Women in Mathematics
• National Archives for Black Women’s History
• National Association of Colored Women’s Clubs
• National Council of Negro Women

African Americans to 1860

• A Recently Discovered (2015) Jupiter Hammon Poem
• American Slave Narratives
• The Barbados and the Carolinas Legacy Foundation
• Citizens ALL: African Americans in Connecticut 1700-1850
• Freedom on the Move
• God’s Little Acre: American’s Colonial African Cemetery (Newport, Rhode Island)
• New York City Freedom Trail
• Slave Rebellions (The History Channel)
• The Five Major Slave Rebellions (PBS)
• The Middle Passage
• The Slave Rebellion Website
• Uncle Tom’s Cabin and American Culture

The Civil War Era:

• African American Civil War Memorial
• Freedmen and Southern Society Project
• FREE BOY: A True Story of Slave and Master
• Freedmen’s Bureau Files

African Americans, 1877-1900

• African American Experience in Ohio, 1852-1920
• Afro-American Sources in Virginia
• Frontline: Booker T. & W.E.B. DuBois
• Up From Slavery: An Autobiography by Booker T. Washington

Wyoming’s Black Past

African Americans, 1901-1945

• Black Baseball’s Negro Baseball Leagues
• Fritz Pollard Alliance
• Larry Lester’s History of Black Baseball
• Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association
• Now What a Time: Blues, Gospel, and the Fort Valley Music Festivals, 1938-1943
• Red Hot Jazz Archive: A History of Jazz before 1930
• The Double V Campaign , World War II campaign for civil rights
• The Langston Hughes Research Center
• Vermont Area 9th and 10th (Horse) Cavalry Association
• Without Sanctuary,  a collection of photographs of lynchings (Warning: images are graphic)

African Americans, 1946-2000

• Artsy’s Romare Bearden Page
• Malcom X: A Research Site
• The 24th Infantry in Korea
• The Brown Decision in Norfolk, Virginia
• The Martin Luther King, Jr., Center for Nonviolent Social Change

African Americans in the 21st Century

• African Scientific Institute
• Black In Appalachia
• Elbert Williams: First to Die
• State Sanctioned: Black Lives Matter Movement
• The Elbert Williams Memorial, Brownsville, Tennessee, June 20, 2015
• The Henrietta Lacks Foundation
• The Trayvon Martin Foundation

56 African American History Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

🏆 best african american history topic ideas & essay examples, 🔍 good essay topics on african american history, ✅ most interesting african american history topics to write about.

• African American History Timeline (1619 – 1865) As the expansion of the textile factories led irresistibly to a rise in the market for servitude Africans, there was a possibility of a slave insurrection, such as the one that prevailed in Haiti in […]
• History and True Meaning of African American Slave Music The ancestors of African Americans were forcibly separated from their homes and brought to the United States to work on the plantations of the Old South.
• The Series of Injustices Spanned the History of African Americans A series of failures for Americans began with the emergence of slavery in the USA. However, it is impossible to talk about the complete eradication of racism in the country.
• The African American History: The Historical Weight of 1776 A number of us, who arrived unexpectedly, became indentured to Virginia masters through a bidding process that was to some extent similar to later slave auctions that would become all in all widespread in the […]
• Lynching History of African Americans: An Absurd Illegal Justice System in the 19th Century Another attempt to explain the origin of lynch law is that of regulators and moderators. According to Rhodes, this theory is not applicable because the name of the law and order maintenance unit was aregulators’ […]
• African Americans Struggle Against Slavery The following paragraphs will explain in detail the two articles on slavery and the African American’s struggle to break away from the heavy and long bonds of slavery. The website tells me that Dredd Scott […]
• African American History: The Struggle for Freedom The history of the Jacksons Rainbow coalition shows the rise of the support of the African American politicians in the Democratic party.
• African American History in the 20th Century The NAACP was radical since it fought many legal battles and fought against ideologies of some of the most prominent African American leaders like those of the late Booker Washington and the government.
• African American History After Reconstruction The bureau also helped champion African Americans’ rights by pushing for the 14th and 15th amendments of the constitution that would give African Americans voting rights.
• King Jr. and Malcolm X in African American History Malcolm was able to sell his ideas to the African Americans in various meetings in the streets of Harlem and in major universities across the United States.
• Robert R. Moton’s Role in African American History In conclusion, this article has helped to get a better understanding of the topic and what events took place at that time.
• History of Higher Education for African Americans Even if I had the opportunity to participate in higher education, I could not have managed to take advantage of it since it was expensive, and I would have nothing to eat after school.
• African American History and Its Importance in Modern Days Without a clear understanding of this part of history, slavery would not have evolved to the current citizenship, freedom and human rights that we enjoy in our constitution.
• History of African Americans The readings that are going to be discussed in the paper tell the history of African Americans, their struggles for civil rights, and their integration into the social and political life of the country.
• Perspectives in African American History and Culture The point is that a person has both, mind and body, and if a person could not accept the idea of being enslaved, he/she was not a slave.
• The History of the Black Lives Matter Movement
• African American History: 1865 to the Present
• The Black History Month: The Importance of Black History
• Overview of African American History and Culture
• African American History: Religious Influences 1770 – 1831
• The Brief History of Black Nationalism
• Who Is Considered the Father of Black History
• African American History: Tribute to Sojourner Truth
• Ame and Ame Zion Churches in African American History
• Black Slaveowners in African American History
• Capitalism and Its Impact on African American History
• Education of All Perspectives of the African American History
• Changes Brewing for African American History
• Exploring African American History: The Harlem Renaissance
• Impact of the African American History on African Americans
• The Concept of Freedom in African American History
• How Does African American History Differ From Others
• African American History and “Warmth of Other Suns”
• How the 2008 Election Affected African American History
• Irene Gomez-Leon: African American History
• History of Black Wall Street ‘Little Africa’
• African American History Before 1877: Main Events and Figures
• Language Awareness: The N-Word in African American History
• Slavery and Its Significance in the African American History
• African American History During the Antebellum Period
• The Impact of the Civil War on African American History
• Analysis of Why African American History Is Important
• African American History Figure: Matthew Alexander Henson
• The Impact of Black Soldiers on American History
• The Origins and Importance of Black History Month
• Black Nationalism in African American History
• Analysis of Arguments Against Black History Month
• The Advantages and Disadvantages of Black History
• Brief History of Black Males in American Society
• Racism Enacted Throughout the History of Black Films
• The History of Harlem – Cultural Epicenter of America’s Black Community
• African American Youth and Their Lack of Interest in Black History Month
• Dark History of Medical Experimentation on Black Americans from Colonial Times
• Underrated and Unwritten Black History Heroes: John Carlos and Tommie Smith
• The Connotation of African-American History and Black History
• Civil War Titles
• Federalism Research Ideas
• Colonialism Essay Ideas
• History Topics
• Slavery Ideas
• Hard Work Research Topics
• Human Trafficking Titles
• Native American Questions
• Chicago (A-D)
• Chicago (N-B)

IvyPanda. (2024, March 2). 56 African American History Essay Topic Ideas & Examples. https://ivypanda.com/essays/topic/african-american-history-essay-topics/

"56 African American History Essay Topic Ideas & Examples." IvyPanda , 2 Mar. 2024, ivypanda.com/essays/topic/african-american-history-essay-topics/.

IvyPanda . (2024) '56 African American History Essay Topic Ideas & Examples'. 2 March.

IvyPanda . 2024. "56 African American History Essay Topic Ideas & Examples." March 2, 2024. https://ivypanda.com/essays/topic/african-american-history-essay-topics/.

1. IvyPanda . "56 African American History Essay Topic Ideas & Examples." March 2, 2024. https://ivypanda.com/essays/topic/african-american-history-essay-topics/.

Bibliography

IvyPanda . "56 African American History Essay Topic Ideas & Examples." March 2, 2024. https://ivypanda.com/essays/topic/african-american-history-essay-topics/.

A Collection of Research Paper Topics on African American History

rita.long023

In a world where cultures differ from one area to another, the African American one came up a long way. Going through various times and difficulties, the black American ethnic group made their way through history by creating their own cultures, religions, political movements, sports and so on. They share a common history of slavery, Middle Passage, and have Central African and West African roots. So, the topic is widely used in an attempt to raise awareness to their rights as human beings.

Writing on African American History

The topic is mostly popular in colleges and universities that focus on cultures. Since the African American are widespread throughout America (and other places as well, due to globalization), you may be required to write about a certain part of their history. Most of the time, the professor will assign a topic. However, we want to present a collection of such research paper topics, to help in case you are stuck. If you want even more help, look closer to this site and do some research. But until then, here are some interesting topics for you.

• Presidents of America: A Success in Politics for the African American
• A Discussion for Civil and Human Rights: About Martin Luther King and the Economic Justice Struggle
• Changing Places: The African American Migration of the Urban South
• The White Wars and the Black Soldiers: Color Warriors of Antiquity and Present Life
• The Promised Land: Struggles of the African American Population after the Civil War
• Black Music: Interpreting History by Means of Lyrics
• The Genre of the Black Popular Music
• The Jazz Age: Radio Meeting Black Music
• Interpreting the Jazz Community: Culture, Race, and Identity Expressed through Music
• African American Women: Entering the World of Dramatists and Poets
• Legends, Myths, and Folktales of the African American Society
• Black Religion: Beliefs and Traditions in the African American Culture
• Black Aesthetic, Black Cognition and Black Intellectuals in the World
• A Discourse on the Black Women of the 19th Century
• Social Justice for African American Children that Seek Education
• All-White Schools: Should There be Academic Gaps Between Cultures?
• The Evolution of Black Schooling within a Community
• The Role of African American Women during the World War II
• Discrimination, Politics, and Seeking Justice within a Hostile Community
• A Debate on Racial Preference
• An Introduction to the History of the Black Church
• Black Power and the Rebirth of Racial Liberalism
• The African American Dream: The Utopia of the Black Power
• The American Law: Christianity and Interracial Marriage in Front of an Almighty God
• Slave Narratives: Explaining Slavery through Thoughts

As you can see, there is much to be discussed on the black society of America. Race, spiritualism, family, voting rights, education, living condition — each of these will have a lot of background information, allowing you to write a marvelous research paper on African American History.

Written by rita.long023

Text to speech

• Paper writing help
• Buy an Essay
• Pay for essay
• Buy Research Paper
• Write My Research Paper
• Research Paper Help
• Custom Research Paper
• Custom Dissertation
• Dissertation Help
• Buy Dissertation
• Dissertation Writer
• Write my Dissertation
• How it works

Best 120 African American Essay Topics For A Brilliant Academic Paper

Crafting an essay on any topic from scratch is surely challenging. The situation is becoming even worse when it comes to creating papers on African American topics since this area is considered to be one of the most controversial for dozens of years. Fortunately, having a list of African American history research paper topics at hand will surely make your job much easier. Moreover, we’ve collected some basic hints on how to craft a paper on this type of topic in a fast and effective way.

Top Prompts On How To Compose An Astonishing Paper

Many learners are often feeling totally lost with an incredible number of requirements for their academic papers. However, keeping in mind these simple tips will help you create a well-structured essay at railway speed.

• Take a look at the professor’s instructions beforehand. There might be lots of African American concepts, ideas, and research topics available for your convenience.
• Choose African American research paper ideas and topics wisely. It is necessary to pick up an area you already have an idea about.
• Follow the traditional essay structure. Although you might choose a mind-blowing topic, it is still important to meet the basic requirements for the structure of your essay.
• Get only relevant information. Pick up data from only reliable sources. For example, textbooks on history or biographies.
• Put your knowledge into practice. There are tons of African American studies research topics you can choose from. However, it is better to cover the topic that is closely related to the area of your studies.
• Always check your paper for plagiarism. Even in case you are 100% sure to have a unique custom research paper , don’t forget to check its originality.

Excellent African American Essay Topics You Can Use Right Now

There is nothing new that African American history, culture, and traditions are among the most common topics for a whopping number of various academic assignments. Our experts split the themes for your convenience, so feel free to pick up the field you need and grab a topic easily.

African-American Education: The Historical Overview

When choosing African American history research paper topics, the first field you can begin with is the history of education. The development of African-American schooling, the rights of learners, as well as the conflicts between black and white students, are among the most popular topics described in college essays.

• Social Justice for African American Kids that Are Looking For Education
• All-white Colleges and Schools: Easy Ways To Eliminate The Gap
• Black Schooling: The Evolution of Rights of Learners Throughout the United States
• Historically Black Universities and Colleges
• Race and Social Mobility In The U.S.
• The Problem Of Racism At Schools in The 20th Century
• The Way African American People Got An Access To Education
• The Evolution Of African American Education During The Era Of Slavery
• The Changes In Schooling In The 19th Century
• The Challenges Of Black Learning In the Past Century
• The Way To Anti-Slavery Society and Free Rights For Education
• The Challenges Of African-free Schools
• The First Black Students In The History of The United States
• Social and Legal Restrictions On Receiving Education In The Past
• The Problem Of Academic Racism In The Country’s History
• Race and Freedom To Travel
• The Educational Problems Of African American Students
• The Conflict Between Black And White Students In The 20th Century

African Americans In Different Regions

There is nothing new that different states have various laws and rights offered to African Americans. African American research paper topics on the slavery issues in different states, black vote, and street life of black in various cities are often chosen by students for creating essays.

• African American Movement For An Access To Education in Texas
• The Detroit Rioters of 1943
• African American Movement For An Access To Education in Manhattan
• Education Reform In Chicago in 60th
• African American Movement For An Access To Education in Kansas
• The Problems Of Black Detroit
• The Problems Of Slavery In Florida
• African American Movement For An Access To Education in Mississippi
• An Education Of African Americans In New Orleans
• African American Movement For An Access To Education in North Carolina
• The Rise Of Black Leadership In Chicago
• The Black Urban Life In New York
• An Access Of African Americans to Florida’s Beaches
• The Problems Of Black Vote in Kansas
• The Development Of African American Rights
• African American Life At Bronx At The Beginning Of The 20th century
• African American and Jewish Struggles in New York City
• Black American Street Life In New York
• African American Movement For An Access To Education in Different States

African American History Research Topics On Slavery In The U.S.

The era of slavery is considered to be one of the toughest periods in the history of African Americans. Land ownership, the rights of slaves, women and child slavery, and trade relations are among the most discussable topics to write about.

• Slave Revolts In American History
• The Results Of The Most Successful Slave Revolt
• The Lives Of African Americans During The Slavery Period
• The Rights Of African Americans During The Slavery Period
• The Problem Of Children Slavery
• Taboos For African Americans During The Slavery Period
• The Education During The Era Of Black Slavery
• The Rights Of Women During The Period Of Slavery
• Economics of Slavery
• The Trade Relations During The Slavery Times
• The Role Of African Slavery In The History Of The U.S.
• The Period Of Slavery In South Carolina
• The Land Ownership During Slavery Period
• Freeing Slaves Movements
• The Slavery Laws
• The Problem Of Women Slavery
• Caribbean Slavery
• Slave Markets
• American Colonies
• The History Of Slavery
• Equal Rights Movements In The U.S.
• The Explanation Of Slavery

African American Research Topics: The Race Relations

The relations between the people of different races and nationalities have been a subject for discussions for years. Not only these topics cover the relationships between black and white but it might be also a good idea to describe the facts about African Americans and Jewish, or African Americans and Latinos.

• Latino and New York Black Relations
• Black America: The Past and The Future
• The Conflict Of Black and White In The Modern Society
• The Difference Between The Black and White Cultures
• The Impact Of African Americans and Latins On American Culture And Traditions
• The Issues Between Black, White, and Latin Students At Modern Schools and Colleges
• The Pros and Cons Of Multiracial Marriages
• The Rights Of Black And White In Different Country’s States
• The Racism Problem and Its Impact On Employment
• Bullying And Racism At Schools
• Making Friends With People Of Other Race
• Ways To Stop An Employment Discrimination
• Black-Jewish Relations
• Black Leadership
• Does Race Still Matter?
• The Black and White People In Politics
• The Conflict Of Generations Among African Americans
• The Problem Of Environmental Racism
• The Rights Of Black People
• Racial Liberalism

African American Studies Research Topics: The Culture

The culture and traditions of African Americans are incredibly diverse. African American women in culture, pop music, theater, sports, cinema, and screenwriting are not the only topics you can describe in your essay.

• Black Popular Music
• Popular African American Painters
• The Most Popular African American Singers
• African American Pop Culture
• Famous Black American Actors
• Famous Black American Actresses
• World Known African American Musicians
• Famous Black American Painters
• World Famous Black American Creators
• Black American Screenwriters
• Famous African American Theater Actors
• The Problems Of African American Theater
• World Famous Black Sportsmen
• African American Women In Sports
• Famous Black Baseball Players
• Famous Black American Football Players
• World Known African American Basketball Players
• Famous Black Swimmers
• The World Of Running: Top Black Runners
• African American Traveling
• The Jazz Age: Black Musicians
• Legends Of African Americans

Civil Rights Movement Topics

Civil War is one of the most well-known events in the history of Black Americans. The life of African American soldiers, the rights of black people before and after the war, as well as the struggles of common people are among the most burning questions discussed by historians.

• African Americans And Latino Civil Rights Movement
• African American Soldiers During The Civil War
• Civil Disobedience
• Civil Rights And Constitution
• Struggles Of The African Americans After The Civil War
• Civil Rights Act
• The Problems Of Black People After The Civil War
• The Results Of The Civil War For African Americans
• The Main Reasons For The Civil War

Important Historical Persons African Americans

There are thousands of remarkable persons, world leaders, and famous sportsmen among African Americans. These are talented African American actors, singers, musicians, theater players, and other creative people you can write about.

• Frederick Douglass
• Henrietta Lacks
• Ida B. Wells
• Martin Luther King
• Sojourner Truth
• Zora Neale Hurston
• George Floyd

How To Create Papers On African American Studies

Creating any type of academic paper requires doing advanced research, pointing out the most important facts, and come up with the results of the analysis combined with your own thoughts. The key to creating a superior essay on African American studies is to keep loyal to all the races.

Many students find it extremely difficult to bring all their findings to a perfect shape. Moreover, lots of learners require some assistance in content structuring and essay revision. In case you need writing a essay paper that meets all the requirements of the professor, you’ve come to the right place. Our experts can create a top academic paper for you from scratch and provide you with a polished and 100% original essay before the deadline.

REFERENCES:

• Books on African American studies  
• African American historical figures 
• Civil Movement Timeline 
• African American Explorers 
• Biography African Americans 
• Causes of the Civil War 
• Slavery in America: top facts

National Museum of African American History & Culture

• Plan Your Visit
• Group Visits
• Frequently Asked Questions
• Accessibility Options
• Sweet Home Café
• Museum Store
• Museum Maps
• Our Mobile App
• Search the Collection
• Initiatives
• Museum Centers
• Publications
• Digital Resource Guide
• The Searchable Museum
• Exhibitions
• Freedmen's Bureau Search Portal
• Early Childhood
• Talking About Race
• Digital Learning
• Strategic Partnerships
• Ways to Give
• Internships & Fellowships
• Today at the Museum
• Upcoming Events
• Ongoing Tours & Activities
• Past Events
• Host an Event at NMAAHC
• About the Museum
• The Building
• Meet Our Curators
• Founding Donors
• Corporate Leadership Councils
• NMAAHC Annual Reports

Research Bridging Faith to the Future of Genomic Research

• Monday, September 9, 2024
• 12:00pm - 3:00pm
• Add to Calendar

Free; Registration Required

About This Event

Join us for Bridging Faith to the Future of Genomic Research , a pivotal event exploring the critical intersections of race, faith, and science. Presented in collaboration with the NIH All of Us Research Program, this conversation will address how health research can play a vital role in closing health disparities within Black and African American communities. Historically, due to limited access to healthcare and a justified mistrust of research, these communities have been hesitant to participate in scientific studies. The All of Us Research Program is committed to building trust and ensuring these communities are actively involved in shaping the future of healthcare.

The event will feature a distinguished panel of speakers, including Dr. Karriem Watson, Chief Engagement Officer of the All of Us Research Program; Dr. Tshaka Cunningham, Executive Director of the Faith-based Genetic Research Institute; Veronica Robinson, Senior Advisor for The Henrietta Lacks Initiative; Dr. Fatimah Jackson, Director of the Cobb Research Laboratory at Howard University; Dr. Chazeman S. Jackson, Senior Director of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion at the American Society of Human Genetics; and Roslyn M. Brock, Associate Pastor and Chief Global Equity Officer at Abt Global. These leaders from faith-based communities and genomic research will provide invaluable insights on how people of color can shape the future of healthcare and contribute to health equity in America.

The event, which is open to the public, will take place in the Oprah Winfrey Theater at the National Museum of African American History and Culture. The program will begin at 12:00 p.m. with a brief excerpt from The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks , followed by a response from Mrs. Veronica Robinson, the great-granddaughter of Henrietta Lacks, and Reverend Roslyn Brock. The panel discussion will commence at 12:45 p.m., and the live streaming will commence.

Image credit: Alan Karchmer

Subtitle here for the credits modal.

Archives Library Information Center (ALIC)

Black History: Topical

Abolition and emancipation, reconstruction, segregation and black migration, civil rights.

NARA Resources

Other Resources

Other Sites

• Your Profile

Lexington, Virginia

Stanford, California

Salt Lake City, Utah

Annapolis, Maryland

Urbana, Illinois

Princeton, New Jersey

Saint Louis, Missouri

Winter Park, Florida

Chicago, Illinois

Madison, Wisconsin

Cambridge, Massachusetts

Fairfield, Connecticut

United States - Nationwide

Ann Arbor, Michigan

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Berkeley, California

Albany, New York

Captcha / Bot check:

Posted: 12-Aug-24

Location: Lexington, Virginia

Categories:

Employment Type:

Primary Field:

The Virginia Military Institute seeks a tenure-track assistant professor who is a historian of the United States in the world. Candidates should be prepared to offer a broad spectrum of upper-division courses with an international and/or transnational focus. The most attractive candidates will demonstrate expertise in the history of diplomacy, the history of foreign relations, and/or the history of the relationship between the United States and a specific region or country.

Candidates should also demonstrate a genuine interest in becoming part of an expanding U.S. Constitutional history program. The position includes responsibility for teaching two sections of HI 300: American Constitutional History each semester, in addition to upper-division courses in the candidate’s area of specialty. HI-300 is currently being developed into a core curriculum course required of all cadets; candidates should be prepared to demonstrate their ability to teach that offering. The teaching load is 3/3—with two preps—with sections limited to a maximum of 22 students.

Minimum requirements include an earned Ph.D. in history by August 2025. If the doctorate is not presently in hand, applicants should specifically address when the defense will be held and the dissertation completed. Prior experience teaching undergraduates is extremely desirable. VMI expects faculty members to maintain an active scholarly agenda in their specialty and the Institute offers generous research and conference travel support.

Initial interviews will be conducted via Zoom, with on-campus visits to follow.

VMI is a public, four–year, undergraduate military college of approximately 1,700 students, about half of whom accept commissions as officers in the armed forces upon graduation. Teaching excellence in a liberal arts setting is our first priority. Tenure-track faculty members wear uniforms and adhere to military customs, but military experience among the faculty is neither required nor expected. For more information about VMI and the Department of History, please visit our web site at  https://www.vmi.edu/academics/departments/history/ .

Applicants must complete an online state application and submit a letter of interest, curriculum vitae, list of references, and an unofficial transcript of all graduate course work on-line at:  https://www.vmi.edu/about/offices-a-z/human-resources/jobs/all/job-openings/name-45225-en.php

Candidates invited to interview via Zoom will be asked to submit additional materials, including letters of recommendation. Please do not mail hard copies of letters of interest, curricula vitae, application forms, or any other application material directly to the department. Questions should be directed to Professor M. Houston Johnson,  [email protected].

Applications will be accepted until Close of Business,  Friday   November 1, 2024 .

In a continuing effort to enrich its academic environment and provide equal education and employment opportunities, VMI encourages women, minorities, disabled individuals, and veterans to apply. AmeriCorps, Peace Corps, and other national service alumni are also encouraged to apply. VMI does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, creed, national origin, citizenship status, sex, sexual orientation, or gender identity. VMI will provide reasonable accommodation to qualified individuals with documented disabilities to ensure equal access and equal opportunities with regard to employment, educational opportunities, programs and services.

• Library of Congress
• Research Guides

African Americans in Business and Entrepreneurship: A Resource Guide

Business associations.

• Introduction
• Banking, Finance, & Insurance
• Entrepreneurs & Brands
• Inventors & STEM Professionals
• Press & Publishing
• Small Business
• Data, Statistics & Marketing
• Images & Maps
• Chronicling America
• Exhibitions
• Special Collections
• Teaching Resources
• Search the Library's Catalog
• Historical Company Research Webinar
• Using the Library of Congress

In this section, researchers will find a list of current and past associations related to African American Business and Entrepreneurship. The links for present associations will bring researchers to the association's official website. This is by no means a comprehensive list, but it provides a good starting point for researchers and any individuals interested in learning more about these associations. It is also important to note that many African American associations that are still currently in existence today were created because white associations would not allow Black people to join as members.

For past associations, researchers and individuals can click on the link to find more information in the Library of Congress; database or catalog. They can also find pictures and photographs by searching for the associations name in the Prints & Photographs Online Catalog . It may also be useful to search using the founders' names. For instance, a search for Booker T. Washington in the Library's catalog will retrieve resources related to the National Negro Business League , while a search for Marcus Garvey will lead to materials related to the Universal Negro Improvement Association . Chronicling America would also be a great resource to find articles on past associations. The Library of Congress has published a number of research guides, resources, exhibits, and collections related to these associations and individuals, including but not limited to National Urban League records, 1900-1988 and NAACP: A Century in the Fight for Freedom . You can find them in the Library of Congress Collections tab below.

Bain News Service. National Negro Business League Executive Committee. [no date]. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division.

R. P. Slater, photographer. Niagara Movement founders. 1905. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division.

Marion post wolcott, photographer. [untitled photo, possibly related to: negro group meeting of the county land use planning committee in the schoolhouse in yanceyville, caswell county, nc .1940. library of congress prints & photographs division.

• Current Associations
• Past Associations
• General Print Materials
• Library of Congress Collections

This is a list of present associations related to African-American business and entrepreneurship with links to the association's official website.

• 100 Black Men of America External A mentoring organization for African American men, 100 Black Men of America advocates for economic empowerment in addition to health and wellness, and education. The organization strives to teach their mentees self-sufficiency and to cultivate civic and business leadership.
• Afro-American Historical and Genealogical Society External AAHGS’s efforts focus on African-ancestored family history, genealogy, and cultural diversity. They seek to preserve these interests by promoting scholarly research, providing resources for historical and genealogical studies, and more.
• Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH®) External The mission of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH®) is to promote, research, preserve, interpret and disseminate information about Black life, history and culture to the global community.
• Association Of African American Financial Advisors (AAAA) External AAAA was created to address the needs and concerns of African American Financial Professionals, and envisions a future where the Black community is financially savvy with expert guidance to sustain generational wealth.
• Black Business Association External BBA strives to help the African American and urban community create firm economic bases through the development of African American-owned businesses. Their missions include identifying and creating financial opportunities, providing training for entrepreneurial professional development, among other things.
• Black Career Women’s Network External BCWN serves Black women in the workforce and in entrepreneurship with professional development, mentor access, and career empowerment.
• Black Founders External Black Founders works to stimulate the amount of Black entrepreneurs entering into the technology field through the provision of advice, mentorship, and funding.
• Black Women Business Owners of America External BWBO America connects African American women business owners, entrepreneurs, and startup founders working in the beauty, retail, real estate, healthcare, trucking, restaurant industries, and more. The association helps African American women grow successful businesses by equipping them with the necessary tools, resources, and knowledge to do so.
• CODE2040 External CODE2040 strives to work toward a future in which Black and Latinx people fully participate and become leaders in the innovation economy. They hope to achieve this through their Fellows Program, Early Career Accelerator Program, and other mentoring, training, and organizing programs.
• Congressional Black Caucus External CBC’s members include African American members serving in the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate. Members in both houses pursue policy agendas on the behalf of minority-owned businesses and help to expand their access to capital, contracts, and counseling.
• The Executive Leadership Council External ELC concentrates on increasing the number of Black executives in business, as well as empowering black leaders. Council members include current and former Black Chief Executive Officers and senior executives.
• Information Technology Senior Management Forum External ITSMF seeks to increase the number of black executives working in technology, as well as blacks in information technology management roles, by providing developmental and career-advancing programs.
• Minority Business Development Agency External As an agency of the U.S. Department of Commerce, the MBDA works to grow the number of minority-owned businesses in the nation by helping these businesses connect with capital, contracts, and markets.
• NAACP External Founded in 1909, the NAACP has sought to eliminate race-based discrimination and achieve equality of rights in political, educational, social, and economic matters for over a century. Today, the organization is involved in affairs of economic sustainability, education, voting rights and political representation, and more.
• National African-American Insurance Association External The NAAIA was organized to create a network among people of color and others employed in or affiliated with the insurance industry.
• National Association of Black Accountants, Inc. (NABA, Inc) External NABA, Inc. is a nonprofit membership association dedicated to bridging the opportunity gap for black professionals in the accounting, finance and related business professions. Representing more than 200,000 black professionals in these fields, NABA advances people, careers, and the mission by providing education, resources, and meaningful career connections to both professional and student members, fulfilling the principle of their motto: "Lifting As We Climb."
• National Association of Black Hotel Owners, Operators, and Developers External NABHOOD seeks to increase wealth within the African American community, especially African Americans in the hotel industry. The organization helps African Americans in the development, management, operation, and ownership of hotels. They also focus on increasing vendor opportunities and executive jobs in the hotel industry.
• National Association of Black Journalists (NABJ) External NABJ offers training, career advancement opportunities and advocacy initiatives for Black journalists and media professionals worldwide.
• National Association of Negro Business and Professional Women’s Clubs External NANBPWC advocates for the promotion and protection of the interests of African American women working in the business and professional world. Association members include African American women business owners and certified, licensed, and degreed professionals.
• National Bankers Association (NBA) External The mission of the NBA, founded in 1927, is to create an inclusive financial services industry and a vibrant business environment for minority financial institutions, their customers and the communities they serve.
• National Bankers Association External Formally known as the “National Negro Bankers Association,” the NBA now includes Hispanic-American, Asian-American, Native American and women-owned banks. While NBA works to shape public policy in Washington D.C., they also serve neighborhoods through employment opportunities and entrepreneurial capital and economic revitalization.
• National Black Chamber of Commerce External NBCC concerns itself with the development and interests of Black entrepreneurs. The organization promotes entrepreneurship and capitalistic activity within African American communities and the African Diaspora.
• National Black Farmers Association External NBFA’s advocacy efforts concern economic development for black farmers in rural areas. The association helps farmers access private and public loans and subsidies, as well as education and agricultural training.
• National Black MBA Association External Founded in 1970 to help Black professionals transition into the corporate sector and form lasting connections within the industry, today, the association seeks to stimulate intellectual and economic wealth within the Black community. The association helps students, entrepreneurs, and professionals through economic empowerment and educational opportunities.
• National Council of Negro Women External NCNW focuses on empowering women of African descent by promoting education, especially STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math), as well as entrepreneurship, financial literacy and economic stability.
• National Newspaper Publishers Association NNPA is a trade association of the more than 200 African American-owned community newspapers from around the United States.
• National Sales Network Organization External The NSN seeks to help African American sales management professionals and individuals by improving their professional sales skills. Through annual seminars, the organization teaches sales skills, business management, career development, organizational skills, and more.
• National Urban League External Founded in 1910, the National Urban League focuses on securing economic empowerment, equality, and social justice for African Americans. The organization seeks to improve standards of living for African Americans through education and job training, workforce development, entrepreneurship, and more.
• U.S. Black Chambers External USBC supports African American Chambers of Commerce and business organizations and helps in the development and building of Black enterprises. The organization works for the realization of economic empowerment by providing advocacy, access to capital, contracting, entrepreneur training, and chamber development.

For past associations, the following links will provide information on resources available in the Library of Congress.

• Colored Merchants' Association: Black Grocer's Cooperative Founded in 1928 by a local grocer in Montgomery, Alabama, the association advocated for the development of black-owned grocery stores as well as black-owned businesses. The association's goals were "to stimulate black business, effect cost-savings for customers, and provide jobs for blacks." This links to a 2012 Kluge Center talk exploring both successes and failures of collaboration in small business, including a discussion of these associations.
• National Association of Colored Women (NACW) Founded in 1896, the National Association of Colored Women "became the largest federation of local black women's clubs." Mary Church Terrell, an activist for civil rights and suffrage, became the association's first president. The association adopted the motto, "Lifting as We Climb."
• National Association of Wage Earners Founded in 1921 by Nannie H. Burroughs and Mary McLeod Bethune, the NAWE sought out "negro women engaged in domestic and personal service occupations in order to provide necessities for their families, and raise their own standard of living." More generally, the association worked to improve the conditions women lived in.
• National Negro Business League Founded in 1900 by Booker T. Washington, the National Negro Business League worked to advance the commercial and financial development of African Americans, with the ultimate goal of bringing African American families into the middle class. League members had many different careers, varying from small business owners, lawyers, farmers, doctors, and other professionals. This organization continues to exist today as the National Business League. Professional organizations affiliated with the National Negro Business League included: The National Negro Press Association, The National Association of Negro Funeral Directors, The National Association of Negro Insurance Men, The National Negro Retail Merchants' Association, and The National Association of Negro Real Estate Dealers. The Library has on-site access to the subscription database Black Economic Empowerment: The National Negro Business League in the Archives Unbound database
• Niagara Movement Founded in 1905 by prominent civil rights activists including W.E.B. Du Bois, the Niagara Movement sought social and political change for African Americans through the achievement of equal civil rights and economic opportunities, as well as voting rights for black Americans and access to educational opportunities. Although the organization ended in 1910, the goals and ideals of the Niagara Movement influenced and informed the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).
• Prince Hall Freemasonry Founded in 1784 by Prince Hall, Prince Hall Freemasonry "laid the foundation for African American citizenship, education, and for the improvement of the condition of blacks."
• United Beauty School Owners and Teachers Association Founded in 1946 by Marjorie Joyner and Mary McLeod Bethune, the UBSOTA was a national association for African American beauticians.
• Universal Negro Improvement Association Founded in 1924 by Marcus Garvey, the Universal Negro Improvement Association took inspiration from Booker T. Washington’s Tuskegee Institute. The organization became a strong advocate for black economic independence, as well as political independence. The UNIA operated the Black Star Line, a steamship company, and the Negro Factories Corporation, which sought to support businesses employing African Americans.

Following are links to digitized resources on past African American Associations.

• Booker T. Washington: A Resource Guide (Library of Congress)
• Booker T. Washington: Topics in Chronicling America (Library of Congress)
• Frederick Douglass Papers at the Library of Congress
• Independent Order of St. Luke (The Smithsonian, National Museum of African American History and Culture) External
• Mary Church Terrell: A Resource Guide (Library of Congress)
• Mary Church Terrell Papers at the Library of Congress
• Minutes of the Second Convention of the National Association of Colored Women : held at Quinn Chapel, 24th Street and Wabash Avenue, Chicago, Ill., August 14th, 15th, and 16th, 1899.
• National Urban League web archive (Library of Congress)
• Negro chambers of commerce a study by Joseph R. Houchins (HathiTrust) External
• Negro statistical bulletin. no.1-17. Washington, D.C., Bureau of the Census. (HathiTrust) External
• The ninth annual session of the National Negro Business League, August 19th, 20th, and 21st, 1908. (HathiTrust) External
• Prince Hall Freemasonry: A Resource Guide
• Proceedings of the National Negro Business League. 1900. (HathiTrust) External
• Proceedings of the National Negro Business League : its first meeting held in Boston, Massachusetts, August 23 and 24, 1900. External
• Sixteenth convention of the National Negro Business League (HathiTrust) External
• W. E. B. Du Bois Papers, 1803-1999 (bulk 1877-1963) (UMassAmherst) External

The following list of books about African American Associations or the individuals who founded them link to fuller bibliographic information in the Library of Congress Online Catalog . Links to additional online content are included when available.

The following Library of Congress special collections and guides provide information on African American associations as well as individuals who founded associations.

• African American Pamphlet Collection, 1822-1909. The African-American Pamphlet Collection, 1822-1909 presents 396 pamphlets from the Rare Book and Special Collections Division, published from 1822 through 1909, by African-American authors and others who wrote about slavery, African colonization, Emancipation, Reconstruction, and related topics. The materials range from personal accounts and public orations to organizational reports and legislative speeches. Among the authors represented are Frederick Douglass, Kelly Miller, Charles Sumner, Mary Church Terrell, and Booker T. Washington. This collection is fully digitized and is available with other topically related items in African American Perspectives.
• Booker T. Washington: Topics in Chronicling America Booker T. Washington (1856-1915) was one of the leading African American voices of his time. He was a writer, editor, orator, and civil rights activist who worked for the advancement of the black community. Established the National Negro Business League in 1990.
• Booker T. Washington and the Atlanta Compromise This resource for teachers examines Booker T. Washington’s Atlanta Exposition speech, September 18, 1895. In this speech, Washington suggested that African Americans should not agitate for social and political equality in return for the opportunity to acquire vocational training and participate in the economic development of the New South. He believed that through hard work and hard-earned respect, African Americans would gain the esteem of white society and eventually full citizenship. He helped found the National Negro Business League to support African American entrepreneurs.
• Booker T. Washington papers, 1853-1946 Finding aid to manuscript collection of the African-American leader, educator, and author. Correspondence, memoranda, book drafts and notes, articles, speeches, reports, minutes, financial papers, scrapbooks, and other papers relating chiefly to the early history and administration of Tuskegee Institute, Tuskegee, Ala., founded by Booker T. Washington in 1881, as well as to the National Negro Business League which he organized in 1900, the General Education Board, New York, N.Y., Hampton Institute, Hampton, Va., other African-American schools, education in general, and Washington's personal and family life.
• Herbert Hill papers Correspondence, speeches, writings, legal case files, trade union records, governmental records, news clippings, printed matter, photographs, and other papers relating to Hill's labor, social, and civil rights activism; writing and editing; and academic career. Documents his work as labor secretary of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, and professor of industrial relations and African American studies at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
• Mary Church Terrell: A Resource Guide A lecturer, political activist, and educator, Terrell dedicated her life to improving social conditions for African-American women. She aided in the founding of two of the most important black political action groups, the National Association of Colored Women (NACW) and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). She fought for women's suffrage and for integration in public education.
• Moton family papers, 1850-1991 Correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, printed materials, and other papers relating primarily to efforts in the 1930s by the Motons to promote educational and economic opportunities for African Americans and to improve race relations. Documents Robert Russa Moton's work with African American businesses and institutions and civil rights organizations including the Colored Merchants Association, Commission on Interracial Cooperation, Hampton Institute, National Negro Business League, National Urban League, Negro Rural School Fund, Phelps-Stokes Fund, Tuskegee Institute, Veterans Administration Hospital (Tuskegee, Ala.), and Colored Work Dept. of the National Council of the Young Men's Christian Associations of the United States of America; Jennie Moton's activities as field agent for the U. S. Agricultural Adjustment Administration's southern division, as president of the National Association of Colored Women.
• NAACP: A Century in the Fight for Freedom The NAACP: A Century in the Fight for Freedom exhibition presents a retrospective of the major personalities, events, and achievements that shaped the NAACP’s history during its first 100 years.
• Nannie Helen Burroughs papers, 1900-1963 Educator, religious leader, and advocate for African American rights. Correspondence, financial records, memoranda, notebooks, speeches and writings, subscription and literature orders, student records, and other papers relating primarily to Burroughs's founding and management of the National Training School for Women and Girls in Washington, D.C., and to her activities with the Woman's Auxiliary of the National Baptist Convention of the United States of America.
• National Urban League records, 1900-1988 Topics include the League's adoption program, the aged, citizenship education, civil rights, community health, crime, relief for African Americans during the Depression, employment opportunities, housing, industrial relations, juvenile delinquency, minorities in law enforcement, medical care, migration of African Americans from rural to urban areas, race relations, assistance for minority servicemen and veterans, African American social workers, urban renewal, vocational and on-the-job training, voter education, and provision of manpower during World War II.
• A Philip Randolph papers, 1909-1979 Randolph's long career as a labor and civil rights leader is documented in the 13,000 items of his papers. In addition to correspondence, speeches, and writings, Randolph's papers contain subject files on the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters and the U.S. Fair Employment Practice Committee, as well as material regarding his interest in the treatment of black members by various unions. The papers include files on the March on Washington Movement, the Negro American Labor Council, the Socialist Party, and the National Negro Congress. Microfilm edition anticipated.
• W. E. B. Du Bois: A Resource Guide William Edward Burghardt Du Bois was a civil rights activist, sociologist, historian, and poet. In 1909, Du Bois was among the founders of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and from 1910 to 1934 served it as director of publicity and research, a member of the board of directors, and founder and editor of The Crisis, its monthly magazine.This guide provides access to digital materials related to Du Bois from the Library of Congress, links to external websites, and a selected print bibliography.
• << Previous: Small Business
• Next: Biography >>
• Last Updated: Aug 6, 2024 3:03 PM
• URL: https://guides.loc.gov/african-americans-in-business

Our Changing Population: United States

The ages, races, and population density of the United States tell a story. Understand the shifts in demographic trends with these charts visualizing decades of population data.

2010 Population

309,327,143

2022 Population

333,287,557

Population Change

Table of contents.

How has the population changed in the US?

How many people live in the US?

How has the US population changed over the years?

How has the us racial and ethnic populations changed.

How old is the population in the US?

How has the distribution of ages in the US changed?

How have the age and sex demographics of the us changed, what's the size of the us population and how has it changed, how has the population changed in the us , how many people live in the us , population in the us, annual population change in the us, population by race and ethnicity in the us, how has the racial and ethnic makeup of the us changed, racial makeup of the us, how old is the population in the us , population by age in the us, age makeup of the us, total population in 2010, total population in 2022, more on population from usafacts, explore more data on population, search usafacts, related content, how many immigrants are in the american workforce.

Of the 169 million workers in the United States, more than 32 million are immigrants. That's over 19% of the workforce.

How many immigrants are coming to the US?

Immigration was the primary driver in the nation’s population growth in each year from 2021 to 2023.

An overview of the US–Mexico border

Around 15 million people live in the US–Mexico border region.

When was your state founded?

The oldest state in the United States is Delaware, established in 1787, and the youngest is Hawaii, established in 1959.

Data Methodology

The Census Bureau’s Population and Housing Estimates Program (PEP) data by county includes details like counts by age, race, or ethnicity and goes back for decades. But how the Census Bureau reported and grouped those populations changed over time.

Race categories

Users will notice that the race categories change depending on the years selected in this interactive tool. This occurs because the Census Bureau has changed the race and ethnicity categories it makes available. To allow for comparisons over time, the race categories change depending on the earliest year selected in the comparison tool.

If the earliest year selected in the tool is from before 1990, the data only includes three race categories: 'white', 'Black', and 'other'. As a result, any comparison that includes data from before 1990 only includes these three race categories. Race categories other than 'Black' and 'white' are included in the 'other' race category for years after 1990 when comparing to pre-1990 data.

Any comparison where the earliest year is between 1990 and 1999 includes two additional categories: 'American Indian/Alaska Native' and 'Asian or Pacific Islander.' Separate reporting for 'Asian' and 'Hawaiian Native/Pacific Islander' are combined for years after 2000 when the comparison year is in the 1990s.

Data from 2000 onward considers 'Asian' and 'Hawaiian Native/Pacific Islander' as separate groups and also includes the 'multiracial' category. These categories do not exist for earlier years and do not appear in comparisons in this tool if a year prior to 2000 is selected. Prior to 2000, the Census Bureau did not separately identify people who were two or more races. All persons were grouped into singular race categories. In 2000, the Census added the 'Two or more races' category to the data. The Census Bureau states that the number of people in the separate race categories (i.e., 'white', 'Black', etc.) was impacted by this change as some people who would have previously been grouped within a single race category were grouped into the two or more category with the change. Pre-2000 and post-2000 data comparisons will result in lower values for the separate race categories in proportion to the 'two or more race' population.

Ethnicity categories

In addition to the changes in race categories over time, the Hispanic ethnicity also became available at the county level beginning in 1990. People of Hispanic ethnicity may be of any race. To consider Hispanic people as a distinct group, the tool above defaults to excluding Hispanic people from the race categories when the comparison years selected are both from 1990 and later. The resulting race/ethnicity comparison groups are: "Black, non-Hispanic", "white, non-Hispanic", "American Indian/Alaska Native, non-Hispanic", "Asian or Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic" and "Hispanic". There is also an option for users to hide the distinct Hispanic ethnicity, which then allocates Hispanic people to their designated race category.

Census reporting and update cycle

The Census Bureau releases annual provisional population estimates based on the previous decennial census and other data on births, deaths, and migration/immigration. Every decade, the Bureau reconciles these estimates and releases final data.

These provisional estimates are 'postcensal estimates', and the final estimates are 'intercensal estimates'. USAFacts used the final intercensal estimates for 1970 through 2009 and the provisional postcensal estimates for 2010 and after.

The most recent county-level data available by age, race, sex, and ethnicity are the Vintage 2020 Population Estimates (census.gov) for 2010 to 2019 and the Vintage 2022 Population Estimates (census.gov) for 2020 through 2022. We will update this experience, including the 2010-2019 estimates, when the Bureau releases county-level 2010-2020 intercensal estimates by age, sex, race, and ethnicity.

Use caution when interpreting population changes that use different estimate vintages. The 2010-2020 postcensal estimates are known to underestimate the population by about 1% nationally. This underestimate is, effectively, zero for 2010 and grows each year to reach 1% by 2020. The estimate years differ from the base 2010 decennial census; underestimates will be resolved in 2023 when the Census Bureau releases its 2010-2020 intercensal estimates.

Geography changes

In 2022, the Census Bureau accepted a new county-equivalent map for the state of Connecticut to better reflect the actual governance system in the state. This resulted in a new map that divides the state into 9 counties in place of the prior 8-county map. This presents a significant hurdle for providing context to Connecticut's state population changes over time. The Census Bureau, in addressing this concern, has indicated that they will release alternative population estimates for Connecticut for the past 5 years using the more recent 9-county designations. USAFACTS will be paying attention to those releases to determine if those results can be combined with these other data to provide a time series of population change for the new counties. While this is being determined, we have inserted the data from the Vintage 2021 Population Estimates (census.gov) for reporting for Connecticut at the county level, that align to the old, 8-county system to provide that context over time. State and National numbers use the 2022 Vintage estimates and we will continue to use the most recent estimates for the state and nation even when older data must be substituted for the county-level data. Until some additional data becomes available and is evaluated, we will limit Connecticut's county-level data to 2021.

SIGN UP FOR THE NEWSLETTER

Keep up with the latest data and most popular content.

African History Research Paper Topics

This page serves as an great resource for students in history, providing a wide array of African history research paper topics . As one of the most diverse and dynamic fields of historical studies, African history spans thousands of years and a multitude of cultures, civilizations, and historical events. With this diversity in mind, we offer a comprehensive list of 100 research paper topics divided into ten categories, each representing a unique aspect of Africa’s rich historical tapestry. Additionally, this page includes a detailed 1000-word article exploring the expansive range of African history research paper topics. We also offer expert advice on choosing the right topic, as well as essential tips for writing an impactful African history research paper. Furthermore, students are introduced to iResearchNet’s writing services, which offer custom-written, top-quality research papers on any African history topic. With features such as expert degree-holding writers, in-depth research, flexible pricing, and timely delivery, students can rest assured that they are receiving the best academic support.

100 African History Research Paper Topics

In this section, we will present a comprehensive list of African history research paper topics. These topics are divided into 10 categories, each containing 10 unique research paper ideas. Exploring these topics will provide students with a rich and diverse range of subjects to explore within the vast field of African history. Let’s dive into each category and explore the fascinating research possibilities.

Academic Writing, Editing, Proofreading, And Problem Solving Services

Get 10% off with 24start discount code.

Ancient African Civilizations

• The Kingdom of Kush: Its Rise, Decline, and Influence
• The Aksumite Empire: Trade, Religion, and Politics
• Great Zimbabwe: Architecture and Socio-Political Organization
• The Mali Empire: Mansa Musa and the Trans-Saharan Trade
• The Kingdom of Ghana: Gold, Salt, and Commerce
• The Nubian Civilization: Cultural Exchange and Identity
• The Carthaginian Empire: Hannibal’s Invasion of Rome
• The Swahili Coast: Maritime Trade and Cultural Fusion
• The Kingdom of Axum: Christianity and Ethiopian History
• The Bantu Migrations: Language, Culture, and Society

Colonialism and Resistance Movements

• The Scramble for Africa: European Colonialism and its Impacts
• African Resistance against Colonial Rule: Case Studies and Strategies
• Pan-Africanism: Ideologies and Movements for Unity
• African Nationalism: Key Figures and Independence Movements
• Anti-Apartheid Movement in South Africa: Nelson Mandela’s Role
• The Mau Mau Uprising: Resistance against British Rule in Kenya
• The Algerian War of Independence: Frantz Fanon and Decolonization
• The Nigerian Civil War: Biafra and the Quest for Self-Determination
• The Congo Crisis: Patrice Lumumba and the Struggle for Independence
• The Suez Crisis: Nasser, Imperialism, and Pan-Arabism

Slavery and the Transatlantic Slave Trade

• The Atlantic Slave Trade: Origins, Routes, and Impact on Africa
• Slavery in Ancient Africa: Historical Context and Variations
• Resistance and Revolts among Enslaved Africans: Strategies and Leaders
• The Middle Passage: Conditions and Experiences of Enslaved Africans
• Plantation Systems in the Americas: Labor, Economy, and Culture
• Abolitionist Movements: Key Figures and Strategies
• The Haitian Revolution: Toussaint Louverture and the Fight for Freedom
• Slave Narratives: Voices of the Enslaved in African-American History
• African Diaspora: Cultural Retention and Transnational Connections
• Legacies of Slavery: Modern-day Consequences and Reconciliation Efforts

Post-Colonial Africa

• Post-Colonial Nation-Building in Africa: Challenges and Strategies
• African Socialism: Ideologies and Implementation
• Dictatorships in Africa: Political Regimes and Human Rights Abuses
• African Feminism: Movements, Challenges, and Achievements
• Pan-African Organizations: Their Role in African Unity and Development
• African Economic Development: Successes, Failures, and Perspectives
• African Independence Leaders: Nkrumah, Kenyatta, and Nyerere
• African Identity and Cultural Revival: Language, Art, and Music
• Resource Conflicts in Africa: Causes, Consequences, and Resolutions
• Contemporary Challenges and Opportunities in Post-Colonial Africa

African Oral Traditions and Literature

• Griots and Oral Historians: Preserving African History and Culture
• African Folktales and Mythology: Themes, Symbols, and Meanings
• African Proverbs: Wisdom and Values Passed Down through Generations
• African Literature: Exploring the Works of Chinua Achebe, Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o, and others
• African Women Writers: Perspectives and Contributions
• African Poetry: Celebrating African Identity and Resistance
• African Diaspora in Literature: Examining the Works of African Writers in the Diaspora
• African Languages: Preservation and Challenges in a Globalized World
• African Storytelling and Performance Traditions: Rituals, Dance, and Music
• The Influence of African Oral Traditions in Contemporary Literature

African Art and Architecture

• African Sculpture: Materials, Styles, and Symbolism
• African Masks: Ritual, Performance, and Cultural Significance
• Rock Art in Africa: Understanding Prehistoric Narratives
• African Textiles and Adornment: Patterns, Techniques, and Meanings
• African Architecture: Traditional and Modern Expressions
• African Photography: Documenting History and Cultural Identity
• African Music and Dance: Traditional Forms and Contemporary Fusions
• African Film: Portrayals of History, Culture, and Social Issues
• African Contemporary Art: Challenges, Innovations, and Global Recognition
• African Art in Museums: Restitution and Repatriation Debates

Women’s Role in African History

• Women Warriors and Queens in African History: Hatshepsut, Amina of Zazzau, and others
• African Women in Pre-Colonial Societies: Roles, Rights, and Power
• Women’s Organizations and Activism in Colonial and Post-Colonial Africa
• Gendered Perspectives on Anti-Colonial Resistance Movements
• African Women in Politics: Leadership and Challenges
• Women’s Health and Reproductive Rights in Africa
• African Feminist Theories and Intellectual Contributions
• Women’s Education and Empowerment in Africa
• African Women Writers and Artists: Voices and Expressions
• Contemporary Issues and Achievements of African Women

African Independence Movements

• Kwame Nkrumah and the Independence of Ghana
• Jomo Kenyatta and the Struggle for Kenyan Independence
• Patrice Lumumba and the Quest for Congolese Independence
• Ahmed Ben Bella and the Algerian War of Independence
• Julius Nyerere and Tanzania’s Road to Independence
• Sekou Touré and Guinea’s Fight against French Colonial Rule
• Amílcar Cabral and the Liberation of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde
• Agostinho Neto and Angola’s Path to Freedom
• Samora Machel and the Mozambican Liberation Movement
• Robert Mugabe and Zimbabwe’s Liberation Struggle

African Diaspora and Pan-Africanism

• Marcus Garvey and the Back-to-Africa Movement
• The Harlem Renaissance: African-American Art, Literature, and Activism
• Negritude Movement: African Diaspora Writers and Cultural Identity
• Pan-African Congresses: Unity and Political Mobilization
• African-Americans in Africa: Exploring Identity and Connections
• African Diaspora in Europe: Contributions and Challenges
• Caribbean Literature and the African Diaspora Experience
• African Diaspora Communities: Cultural Preservation and Adaptation
• Afro-Latinx Identity and Activism in the Americas
• African Diaspora in Asia: Historical Connections and Contemporary Experiences

African Cultural Heritage and Preservation

• Cultural Heritage Sites in Africa: UNESCO World Heritage Sites
• African Traditional Medicine and Healing Practices
• African Traditional Music and Instruments: Preserving Cultural Expressions
• Oral History Projects in Africa: Recording and Safeguarding Narratives
• African Cultural Festivals: Celebrations of Tradition and Identity
• Museums and Archives in Africa: Preserving and Sharing History
• Restoring African Artifacts: Repatriation Efforts and Challenges
• Cultural Tourism in Africa: Balancing Economic Development and Heritage Conservation
• Indigenous Languages in Africa: Revitalization and Language Preservation
• Environmental Conservation and Sustainable Development in African Communities

This comprehensive list of African history research paper topics provides a diverse range of subjects for students to explore within the vast field of African history. These topics span various time periods, geographical regions, and themes, offering students the opportunity to delve into the rich history, culture, and experiences of the African continent. Whether it’s ancient civilizations, colonialism and resistance movements, or post-colonial Africa, there are countless avenues for research and exploration. By selecting a topic from this list, students can embark on a rewarding journey of discovery and contribute to the understanding and appreciation of African history.

African History: Exploring the Range of Research Paper Topics

African history is a captivating field of study that offers a rich and diverse range of research paper topics. From ancient civilizations to colonialism, from influential leaders to cultural heritage, the history of Africa is filled with compelling narratives and significant events that have shaped the continent and influenced the world. In this section, we will explore the breadth and depth of African history research paper topics, providing students with a glimpse into the fascinating aspects they can delve into.

The history of Africa is replete with magnificent ancient civilizations that made remarkable contributions to human development. Topics within this category can focus on civilizations such as the Kingdom of Kush, Aksumite Empire, Great Zimbabwe, Mali Empire, and the Kingdom of Ghana. Students can explore the rise and fall of these civilizations, their socio-political organization, trade routes, cultural achievements, and their lasting impact on African history.

The impact of European colonialism on Africa is an essential aspect of African history. Research paper topics in this category can examine the scramble for Africa, the resistance against colonial rule, and the emergence of pan-African movements. Specific topics could include the anti-apartheid movement in South Africa, the Mau Mau uprising in Kenya, the Algerian War of Independence, and the Nigerian Civil War. These topics shed light on the struggle for independence and the resilience of African people in reclaiming their sovereignty.

The transatlantic slave trade is a crucial chapter in African history and the global African diaspora. Research topics within this category can explore the origins and routes of the slave trade, resistance and revolts among enslaved Africans, and the legacies of slavery. Specific topics could include the Middle Passage, plantation systems in the Americas, the Haitian Revolution, slave narratives, and the African diaspora. Studying these topics allows students to understand the profound impact of slavery on African societies and its enduring consequences.

The post-colonial era in Africa witnessed significant political, social, and economic changes. Research paper topics within this category can delve into post-colonial nation-building efforts, African socialism, dictatorships, African feminism, and contemporary challenges and opportunities. Students can explore key figures such as Kwame Nkrumah, Jomo Kenyatta, and Patrice Lumumba, as well as topics like African economic development, cultural revival, and resource conflicts. Understanding post-colonial Africa provides insights into the complexities and aspirations of the continent.

Oral traditions and literature form a vibrant part of African culture and history. Research topics in this category can explore the role of griots and oral historians, African folktales and mythology, African proverbs, African literature, and the influence of African oral traditions on contemporary literature. By studying these topics, students can gain a deeper appreciation for the rich storytelling traditions that have shaped African societies and continue to inspire writers and artists.

African art and architecture showcase the creativity, craftsmanship, and cultural expressions of diverse African societies. Research paper topics within this category can examine African sculpture, masks, rock art, textiles, architecture, photography, music, and dance. Exploring the artistic traditions of Africa allows students to delve into the symbolism, cultural significance, and evolution of artistic practices across different regions and time periods.

The contributions of women in African history are often overlooked but are essential to understanding the continent’s narrative. Research topics in this category can focus on women warriors and queens, women in pre-colonial societies, women’s organizations and activism, and the representation of gender in resistance movements. Students can explore the lives and achievements of prominent African women, gendered perspectives on African history, and contemporary issues related to women’s rights and empowerment.

The struggle for independence from colonial rule shaped the course of African history. Research paper topics within this category can examine key independence leaders such as Kwame Nkrumah, Jomo Kenyatta, Patrice Lumumba, and Amílcar Cabral, as well as the liberation movements in different African countries. Topics may also cover the ideology of pan-Africanism, the fight against imperialism, and the challenges of nation-building in the post-independence era.

The African diaspora and pan-Africanism represent the global connections and solidarity among people of African descent. Research topics within this category can explore figures such as Marcus Garvey, the Harlem Renaissance, the Negritude movement, and the experiences of African diaspora communities in different regions. Students can examine the cultural, political, and intellectual contributions of the African diaspora, as well as the efforts to foster unity and empowerment among people of African descent.

Preserving and celebrating African cultural heritage is crucial for understanding the continent’s diverse traditions. Research paper topics within this category can focus on UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Africa, African traditional medicine and healing practices, oral history projects, cultural festivals, museums and archives, and efforts to repatriate African artifacts. Students can explore the challenges and successes of preserving African cultural heritage in the face of globalization and the importance of cultural sustainability.

African history offers a wealth of research paper topics that uncover the diverse narratives, achievements, and challenges of the continent and its people. From ancient civilizations to post-colonial Africa, from art and literature to women’s history, the breadth and depth of African history provide endless possibilities for exploration and scholarly inquiry. By selecting a topic from the comprehensive list presented above, students can contribute to the understanding and appreciation of African history, fostering a more nuanced and inclusive view of the continent’s past and its impact on the world.

Choosing African History Research Paper Topics

Selecting a compelling and relevant research paper topic is essential for engaging in meaningful scholarly exploration. When it comes to African history, the diverse and rich tapestry of the continent offers numerous avenues for investigation. In this section, we will provide expert advice on choosing African history research paper topics, guiding students towards topics that are engaging, researchable, and contribute to a deeper understanding of Africa’s past.

• Understand Your Interests and Goals : Begin by reflecting on your personal interests and academic goals. African history covers a vast range of topics, from ancient civilizations to contemporary issues. Consider what aspects of African history resonate with you the most. Are you interested in a particular time period, a specific region, or a thematic focus? Identifying your passions and objectives will help narrow down your topic choices.
• Conduct Preliminary Research : Before finalizing your research paper topic, conduct preliminary research to familiarize yourself with the existing scholarship and available sources. Read scholarly articles, books, and other relevant materials to gain insights into the current discussions and gaps in the field. This research will not only inform your topic selection but also provide a foundation for your literature review and overall research.
• Consult with Your Instructor or Advisor : Consulting with your instructor or advisor is invaluable when choosing a research paper topic. They possess extensive knowledge of the field and can provide guidance based on your academic level, course requirements, and research interests. Discuss potential topics with them, seek their suggestions, and benefit from their expertise in African history. Their insights can help you refine your ideas and ensure your topic aligns with the course objectives.
• Focus on Specific Aspects : African history is a vast and multifaceted subject, so it is advisable to narrow down your topic to specific aspects or themes. Instead of attempting to cover the entire scope of African history, consider delving into a particular event, individual, social issue, or cultural phenomenon. By focusing on specific aspects, you can conduct more in-depth research and provide a more nuanced analysis in your paper.
• Consider Understudied Areas or Alternative Perspectives : Exploring understudied areas or alternative perspectives can contribute to expanding knowledge and generating new insights in African history. Look for topics that have received less attention or alternative viewpoints that challenge conventional narratives. For example, you could explore the role of women in African liberation movements or examine the contributions of marginalized communities that have been overlooked in mainstream historical accounts.
• Incorporate Primary and Secondary Sources : To develop a comprehensive and well-rounded research paper, it is crucial to incorporate both primary and secondary sources. Primary sources include original documents, artifacts, interviews, or eyewitness accounts from the time period you are studying. Secondary sources, on the other hand, are scholarly works that analyze and interpret primary sources. Utilizing a combination of primary and secondary sources will provide a stronger foundation for your research and enrich your analysis.
• Consider Comparative Approaches : Comparative approaches can enhance your research paper by examining African history in relation to other regions or global phenomena. For instance, you could explore the impact of African decolonization movements in the context of other anti-colonial struggles worldwide. Comparative approaches offer valuable perspectives, allowing you to identify similarities, differences, and interconnectedness across different historical contexts.
• Be Mindful of Ethical Considerations : When choosing a research paper topic in African history, it is important to be mindful of ethical considerations. Respect the cultures, traditions, and sensitivities of the communities and individuals you study. Engage in ethical research practices, adhere to academic integrity standards, and ensure your research respects the rights and dignity of those involved. Seek guidance from your instructor or advisor if you have any ethical concerns.
• Relevance to Contemporary Issues : African history is not confined to the past but also influences contemporary events and issues. Consider topics that have relevance to current debates, challenges, or developments in Africa. For example, you could explore the historical roots of social or political conflicts, examine the impact of colonial legacies on present-day challenges, or analyze the role of African leaders in shaping regional dynamics. Linking historical analysis to contemporary issues can make your research paper more engaging and impactful.
• Maintain a Manageable Scope : Lastly, ensure that your research paper topic has a manageable scope. Select a topic that you can reasonably explore within the given timeframe and word limit. Narrow down your focus to avoid overwhelming yourself with excessive research and analysis. A well-defined and manageable topic will allow you to delve deeper, conduct thorough research, and present a coherent and comprehensive argument in your paper.

Choosing an African history research paper topic requires careful consideration and strategic thinking. By understanding your interests, conducting preliminary research, consulting with experts, focusing on specific aspects, considering alternative perspectives, and incorporating primary and secondary sources, you can select a topic that is both engaging and academically sound. Additionally, being mindful of ethical considerations, relevance to contemporary issues, and maintaining a manageable scope will ensure a successful research endeavor. Embrace the richness and diversity of African history as you embark on your research journey, uncovering untold stories and contributing to a deeper understanding of Africa’s past.

How to Write an African History Research Paper

Writing an African history research paper requires a systematic approach that encompasses careful planning, thorough research, critical analysis, and effective communication. In this section, we will provide a comprehensive guide on how to write an African history research paper, covering key steps, strategies, and tips to help you succeed in your academic endeavors.

• Understand the Assignment Requirements : Before diving into your research, it is crucial to thoroughly understand the assignment requirements. Review the instructions provided by your instructor, paying attention to the topic guidelines, formatting style, length requirements, and any specific research questions or prompts. Familiarize yourself with the evaluation criteria to ensure you meet the expectations and objectives of the assignment.
• Choose a Focused and Researchable Topic : Selecting a focused and researchable topic is the foundation of a successful research paper. Building on the knowledge gained from the previous section, identify a specific aspect of African history that interests you and aligns with the assignment requirements. Refine your topic to make it manageable within the given word limit and timeframe. Ensure that there are sufficient scholarly sources and primary materials available to support your research.
• Conduct In-Depth Research : Once you have chosen your topic, embark on a comprehensive research journey. Begin by consulting scholarly books, journal articles, and reputable online databases to gather relevant information. Explore both primary and secondary sources to gain a deeper understanding of your topic. Primary sources may include archival documents, oral histories, photographs, or artifacts, while secondary sources offer critical analysis and interpretations of primary materials.
• Develop a Thesis Statement : A strong thesis statement is the cornerstone of your research paper. It presents your main argument or hypothesis and provides a roadmap for your paper. Formulate a clear and concise thesis statement that reflects the unique perspective or contribution your research makes to the field of African history. Your thesis should be specific, debatable, and supported by the evidence you gather during your research.
• Outline Your Paper : Creating a well-structured outline is essential for organizing your thoughts and ensuring a coherent flow in your research paper. Divide your paper into logical sections, such as introduction, literature review, methodology, analysis, and conclusion. Within each section, outline the main points you will address and the evidence you will present to support your arguments. An outline serves as a roadmap, helping you stay focused and maintain a logical progression throughout your paper.
• Write a Compelling Introduction : The introduction sets the stage for your research paper and captures the reader’s attention. Begin with a captivating opening sentence or hook that piques the reader’s curiosity. Provide background information on the significance of your topic in African history and its relevance to broader historical discussions. Introduce your thesis statement, highlighting the main argument you will present in your paper. Conclude the introduction by outlining the structure and organization of your paper.
• Conduct a Thorough Literature Review : The literature review demonstrates your understanding of existing scholarship and places your research within the broader historical context. Identify key themes, debates, and theories relevant to your topic. Summarize and critically evaluate the main arguments and findings of previous studies. Identify gaps in the literature that your research seeks to address. By engaging with the existing body of knowledge, you establish the significance of your research and demonstrate your expertise in the field.
• Analyze and Interpret the Evidence : The heart of your research paper lies in the analysis and interpretation of the evidence you have gathered. Carefully examine the primary and secondary sources, critically evaluating their credibility, biases, and limitations. Identify patterns, themes, and connections in the evidence that support your thesis statement. Present your analysis in a clear and structured manner, using appropriate citations and referencing conventions to acknowledge the sources of your information.
• Support Your Arguments with Evidence : To strengthen your arguments, provide ample evidence from your research. Incorporate direct quotations, paraphrases, and references to primary and secondary sources to support your claims. Analyze and contextualize the evidence, demonstrating how it relates to your thesis statement and contributes to your overall argument. Ensure that your evidence is properly cited using the appropriate citation style, such as APA, MLA, or Chicago.
• Craft a Convincing Conclusion : The conclusion of your research paper should summarize your main findings, restate your thesis statement, and provide a sense of closure. Recapitulate the significance of your research and its contribution to the field of African history. Reflect on the broader implications and potential future research directions. Avoid introducing new information in the conclusion and strive to leave a lasting impression on the reader.

Writing an African history research paper requires careful planning, rigorous research, critical analysis, and effective communication. By understanding the assignment requirements, choosing a focused and researchable topic, conducting in-depth research, developing a strong thesis statement, outlining your paper, and writing a compelling introduction, you can lay a solid foundation for your research paper. By conducting a thorough literature review, analyzing and interpreting the evidence, supporting your arguments with solid evidence, and crafting a convincing conclusion, you can present a well-structured and impactful research paper that contributes to the field of African history. Embrace the opportunity to explore Africa’s rich historical tapestry and shed light on untold stories, deepening our understanding of this vibrant continent.

iResearchNet’s Writing Services

At iResearchNet, we understand the importance of delivering exceptional writing services to students studying African history. We are committed to providing you with top-notch assistance in crafting your research papers. Our team of experienced writers and researchers is dedicated to ensuring that you receive high-quality, customized, and academically sound papers. When you choose our services, you gain a trusted partner in your academic journey. Let us take a closer look at the key features that set iResearchNet apart:

• Expert degree-holding writers : Our team consists of qualified writers with advanced degrees in history and related fields. They have extensive knowledge and expertise in African history, enabling them to deliver well-researched and insightful papers.
• Custom written works : We understand that each research paper is unique. Our writers craft custom papers tailored to your specific requirements, ensuring originality and authenticity in every piece.
• In-depth research : We conduct thorough research on your chosen topic to provide you with comprehensive and evidence-based content. Our writers delve into various sources, including scholarly articles, books, and reputable online databases, to ensure accuracy and relevance.
• Custom formatting : We follow the prescribed formatting style of your choice, be it APA, MLA, Chicago/Turabian, or Harvard. Our writers are well-versed in these formats and will ensure that your paper adheres to the specified guidelines.
• Top quality : Quality is our utmost priority. We strive to deliver papers that meet the highest academic standards. Our writers pay attention to detail, clarity of arguments, and overall coherence to ensure your paper stands out.
• Customized solutions : We recognize that every student has unique requirements and preferences. Our writing services are flexible and customizable to accommodate your specific needs. We value your input and work closely with you to incorporate your ideas and suggestions into the paper.
• Flexible pricing : We offer competitive and transparent pricing that is designed to be affordable for students. Our pricing structure considers factors such as the complexity of the paper, word count, and deadline, ensuring fair and reasonable rates.
• Short deadlines : We understand that students often face tight deadlines. Our writers are adept at working under pressure and can deliver high-quality papers within short timeframes, including deadlines as tight as 3 hours.
• Timely delivery : We are committed to meeting your deadlines. Our writers work diligently to ensure that your paper is delivered on time, allowing you ample opportunity to review it and make any necessary revisions.
• 24/7 support : Our customer support team is available round the clock to address any queries or concerns you may have. Whether you need assistance with placing an order or have questions about the progress of your paper, our support team is here to help.
• Absolute privacy : We prioritize your privacy and confidentiality. Your personal information and order details are treated with the utmost care. We employ robust security measures to protect your data, ensuring a safe and secure experience.
• Easy order tracking : We provide a user-friendly platform that allows you to track the progress of your order. You can easily communicate with your assigned writer, upload additional materials, and stay updated on the status of your paper.
• Money-back guarantee : We stand behind the quality of our services. In the rare event that you are not satisfied with the delivered paper, we offer a money-back guarantee. Your satisfaction is our priority, and we are committed to resolving any issues that may arise.

With iResearchNet’s writing services, you can have confidence in your African history research papers. Our team of experts is dedicated to providing you with outstanding assistance, ensuring that your papers are well-researched, well-written, and meet the highest academic standards. Take advantage of our comprehensive range of features and experience the difference of working with a trusted partner in your academic journey. Place your order today and unlock your full potential with iResearchNet.

Unleash Your Potential with iResearchNet

Are you ready to excel in your academic pursuits? Look no further than iResearchNet for exceptional African history writing services. Our team of expert writers is here to support you in crafting outstanding research papers that showcase your knowledge and understanding of this fascinating field. Don’t let the challenges of academic writing hold you back. With our comprehensive range of services and features, you can unleash your full potential and achieve the academic success you deserve.

Don’t let the challenges of writing an African history research paper hold you back. Trust iResearchNet to provide you with the support and guidance you need to succeed. Our team of experienced writers is dedicated to helping you unleash your potential and achieve academic excellence in your studies.

Take the first step towards your academic success. Place your order with iResearchNet today and experience the difference of working with a trusted partner in African history research papers. Unleash your potential and embark on a rewarding academic journey with our professional writing services.

ORDER HIGH QUALITY CUSTOM PAPER