(PDF) Evolution of insect parasitism in rhabditid and diplogastrid
Parasitism- Evolution, Types, Principle, and Examples of Parasitism
Parasitism: The Ecology and Evolution of Intimate Interactions, Combes
(PDF) Evolution of plant parasitism among nematodes
(PDF) The Evolution of Parasitism in the Red Algae: Molecular
VIDEO
Plasmodium: drug targets: part 2 (ZOO)
Parasites of Veterinary Importance Part 2
Drugs targets for Leishmaniasis
Explain Parasitism and co. evolution with the help of one example of each
Culture techniques in parasitic infection and other special 1 recorded
The Zombie Ant Fungus Nature's Bizarre Control
COMMENTS
Evolution of parasitism along convergent lines: from ecology to
The shared transmission and host exploitation strategies characterizing unrelated parasites are the outcome of convergent evolution, one of the most pervasive patterns seen in nature. Although many combinations of traits are theoretically possible, most are maladaptive, and selection forces distinct lineages to converge on those few viable ...
Parasite Evolution and Life History Theory
Some recent papers, including the study of Babayan et al. in this issue of PloS Biology [4], apply results from one branch of evolutionary theory—life history theory—to the characteristics of pathogens of medical interest such as parasitic roundworms (nematodes) and malaria [5]. Babayan et al. propose that the life history of parasitic ...
Evolution of parasites in the Anthropocene: new pressures, new adaptive
For parasites, long-term multi-generational selection experiments are actually possible over short timescales, given the typically short generation times of most parasitic taxa. Strong artificial selection can lead to noticeable phenotypic evolution in metazoan parasites after only a handful of generations (Hafer-Hahmann, 2019; Benesh, 2023).
Independent origins of parasitism in Animalia
Figure 1. Origins of parasitism across Animalia. Bar plot of the natural log transformed number of independent acquisitions of parasitism within Metazoa, Arthropoda and Insecta, arranged according to taxonomic affiliation [18 - 21]. Bar shading denotes the per cent of the group that is parasitic and bar width is proportional to the log 1000 ...
Evolution: Causality and the Origin of Parasitism
Two alternative ways to interpret the characteristics of parasites and how they relate to the origin of parasitism. On the top, a characteristic evolves as an adaptation to the existence of a parasitic interaction. On the bottom, the characteristic evolves in a free-living organism, but its existence makes the transition to parasitic life more ...
The evolution of parasite genomes and the origins of parasitism
Certainly, this is the impression given by biology teaching or the balance of research effort. In fact, it is just conceivable that parasites are more numerous than non-parasites (Dobson et al. 2008), ... Genomics has the potential to describe the evolution of parasitism in terms of genes gained and lost, whereas transcriptomics and proteomics ...
Evolution of parasitism along convergent lines: from ecology to
The shared transmission and host exploitation strategies characterizing unrelated parasites are the outcome of convergent evolution, one of the most pervasive patterns seen in nature. Although many combinations of traits are theoretically possible, most are maladaptive, and selection forces distinct lineages to converge on those few viable ...
Microbial evolution and transitions along the parasite-mutualist
The growth rate for Chlorella remains consistently better outside the host 159, but inside, this symbiont avoids algal competitors 161 and may be protected against its own parasites 162. Research ...
PDF The evolution of parasitism in Nematoda
The sole enoplian animal parasite, Ironus macrocephalum (Ironidae), was described from the earthworm Pheretima wendessiana in New Guinea (Pierantoni, 1916). Other Ironidae are freshwater species. There are some striking phylogenetic associations between non-vertebrate and vertebrate parasites.
The evolution of parasitism in plants
Parasites provide a framework for understanding specialization. Parasitism is a highly successful life strategy and a theme that bridges all kingdoms of life [1].The high selection pressure associated with host co-evolution can drive a parasite's morphology and physiology in new directions, making parasites valuable subjects for studying diversification and the evolution of phenotypic changes ...
Experimental Evolution of Parasites
Abstract. Serial passage experiments are a form of experimental evolution that is frequently used in applied sciences; for example, in vaccine development. During these experiments, molecular and phenotypic evolution can be monitored in real time, providing insights into the causes and consequences of parasite evolution.
Parasite Evolution and Life History Theory
Some recent papers, including the study of Babayan et al. in this issue of PloS Biology [4], apply results from one branch of evolutionary theory—life history theory—to the characteristics of pathogens of medical interest such as parasitic roundworms (nematodes) and malaria [5]. Babayan et al. propose that the life history of parasitic ...
The genomes of four tapeworm species reveal adaptations to parasitism
The 115- to 141-megabase genomes offer insights into the evolution of parasitism. Synteny is maintained with distantly related blood flukes but we find extreme losses of genes and pathways that ...
The evolution of parasite genomes and the origins of parasitism
From the 19th century birth of evolutionary biology until well into the 20th century, parasites were seen as biologically degenerate, ecologically marginal and evolutionarily anomalous. The first generation of evolutionary thinkers retained a belief that evolution was progressive and tending towards perfection.
The origin, deployment, and evolution of a plant-parasitic nematode
Introduction. Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are devastating crop parasites which present a considerable threat to global food security. Every major crop can be parasitised by at least one species of nematode, with collective damage estimated at over 80 billion dollars worldwide [].The most damaging nematode species are those capable of forming intimate, long-term biotrophic relationships ...
Phylogeny of the Platyhelminthes and the evolution of parasitism
The combined evidence solution for the phylogeny of fiatworms based on 18S rDNA and morphology is used to interpret morphological and life-history data and to support a model for the evolution and radiation of neodermatan parasites in the group.
Evolution: Causality and the Origin of Parasitism
A common red algal origin of the apicomplexan, dinoflagellate, and heterokont plastids. Factors mediating plastid dependency and the origins of parasitism in apicomplexans and their close relatives. Chromerid genomes reveal the evolutionary path from photosynthetic algae to obligate intracellular parasites.
The rise of ecological parasitology: twelve landmark advances that
Their landmark paper spawned an entire research enterprise lasting to this day, ... 1982 published a seminal paper proposing parasites as central players in the evolution of mate choice and secondary sexual characteristics such as the peacock's tail. Their hypothesis assumes that females choose to mate with males of the highest genetic ...
Adaptive evolution of traits for parasitism and pathogen transmission
In summary, this study not only presents a new genome catalog to unveil the evolutionary mechanisms underpinning bat fly parasitism, but also provides a novel research system that can be used to investigate the mechanisms of cross-species transmission of bat-borne viruses and the co-evolution of bats and viruses.
Time Evolution of the Densities of Three Species Interacting in the
This paper investigates the trends of three different species interacting in the same ecosystem. The study is conducted on the ecosystem which consists of a prey S 1 and two predators S 2 and S 3 in such a way that S 2 is a predator of S 1 and S 3 is a predator of both S 1 and S 2.In addition, S 1 and S 2 share the same food which is the main food for S 1 and the alternative food for S 2.
Opinion Paper Plant-plant parasitism: Trends in the last 50 years and a
We evaluated the evolution in the number of papers through time and the corresponding author's country of origin. To get a more accurate view on plant-plant parasitism research, we refined our search, compiling all papers published between 2000 and 2022 to visualize the major themes explored on Plant-Plant parasitism studies and the most ...
The coevolutionary biology of brood parasitism: a call for integration
Brood parasitism can also occur within a species, where one female exploits the efforts of a conspecific , or it can be facultative across species; however, the research in this special issue focuses on obligate parasites, because these have the most potential to influence the evolution of another species.
The evolution of parasitism in Nematoda
Molecular phylogenetic analyses have shown that parasitism of plants and animals has arisen at least 15 times independently. Extant nematode species also display lifestyles that are proposed to be on the evolutionary trajectory to parasitism. Recent advances have permitted the determination of the genomes and transcriptomes of many nematode ...
The Evolution of Learning: Assessing the Transformative Impact of
Despite the ongoing evolution of the foundational language model, it has advanced to GPT-4 Turbo in the paid version, we consider the free version, ChatGPT, for our specific focus. ... In conclusion, this research paper explored the impact of GAI on students and HEIs through a comprehensive survey and scenario analysis. The findings shed light ...
Parasitic plants: physiology, development, signaling, and ecosystem
Parasitic plants represent a unique model for the evolution of intra-kingdom parasitism with intriguing research questions such as how plants were able to evolve the ability to parasitize other plants. This parasitic lifestyle required the evolution of host detection, host attachment, host exploitation, and host defense suppression strategies.
The historical evolution and research trends of life cycle assessment
Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a tool used to assess the potential environmental impacts and resources utilized throughout a product's life cycle (cradle to grave or in linear economic models or a "cradle to cradle" life cycle in circular economy models), i.e., from raw material acquisition, via production, use phases, and waste management, to the recycling stage [1], [2].
IMAGES
VIDEO
COMMENTS
The shared transmission and host exploitation strategies characterizing unrelated parasites are the outcome of convergent evolution, one of the most pervasive patterns seen in nature. Although many combinations of traits are theoretically possible, most are maladaptive, and selection forces distinct lineages to converge on those few viable ...
Some recent papers, including the study of Babayan et al. in this issue of PloS Biology [4], apply results from one branch of evolutionary theory—life history theory—to the characteristics of pathogens of medical interest such as parasitic roundworms (nematodes) and malaria [5]. Babayan et al. propose that the life history of parasitic ...
For parasites, long-term multi-generational selection experiments are actually possible over short timescales, given the typically short generation times of most parasitic taxa. Strong artificial selection can lead to noticeable phenotypic evolution in metazoan parasites after only a handful of generations (Hafer-Hahmann, 2019; Benesh, 2023).
Figure 1. Origins of parasitism across Animalia. Bar plot of the natural log transformed number of independent acquisitions of parasitism within Metazoa, Arthropoda and Insecta, arranged according to taxonomic affiliation [18 - 21]. Bar shading denotes the per cent of the group that is parasitic and bar width is proportional to the log 1000 ...
Two alternative ways to interpret the characteristics of parasites and how they relate to the origin of parasitism. On the top, a characteristic evolves as an adaptation to the existence of a parasitic interaction. On the bottom, the characteristic evolves in a free-living organism, but its existence makes the transition to parasitic life more ...
Certainly, this is the impression given by biology teaching or the balance of research effort. In fact, it is just conceivable that parasites are more numerous than non-parasites (Dobson et al. 2008), ... Genomics has the potential to describe the evolution of parasitism in terms of genes gained and lost, whereas transcriptomics and proteomics ...
The shared transmission and host exploitation strategies characterizing unrelated parasites are the outcome of convergent evolution, one of the most pervasive patterns seen in nature. Although many combinations of traits are theoretically possible, most are maladaptive, and selection forces distinct lineages to converge on those few viable ...
The growth rate for Chlorella remains consistently better outside the host 159, but inside, this symbiont avoids algal competitors 161 and may be protected against its own parasites 162. Research ...
The sole enoplian animal parasite, Ironus macrocephalum (Ironidae), was described from the earthworm Pheretima wendessiana in New Guinea (Pierantoni, 1916). Other Ironidae are freshwater species. There are some striking phylogenetic associations between non-vertebrate and vertebrate parasites.
Parasites provide a framework for understanding specialization. Parasitism is a highly successful life strategy and a theme that bridges all kingdoms of life [1].The high selection pressure associated with host co-evolution can drive a parasite's morphology and physiology in new directions, making parasites valuable subjects for studying diversification and the evolution of phenotypic changes ...
Abstract. Serial passage experiments are a form of experimental evolution that is frequently used in applied sciences; for example, in vaccine development. During these experiments, molecular and phenotypic evolution can be monitored in real time, providing insights into the causes and consequences of parasite evolution.
Some recent papers, including the study of Babayan et al. in this issue of PloS Biology [4], apply results from one branch of evolutionary theory—life history theory—to the characteristics of pathogens of medical interest such as parasitic roundworms (nematodes) and malaria [5]. Babayan et al. propose that the life history of parasitic ...
The 115- to 141-megabase genomes offer insights into the evolution of parasitism. Synteny is maintained with distantly related blood flukes but we find extreme losses of genes and pathways that ...
From the 19th century birth of evolutionary biology until well into the 20th century, parasites were seen as biologically degenerate, ecologically marginal and evolutionarily anomalous. The first generation of evolutionary thinkers retained a belief that evolution was progressive and tending towards perfection.
Introduction. Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are devastating crop parasites which present a considerable threat to global food security. Every major crop can be parasitised by at least one species of nematode, with collective damage estimated at over 80 billion dollars worldwide [].The most damaging nematode species are those capable of forming intimate, long-term biotrophic relationships ...
The combined evidence solution for the phylogeny of fiatworms based on 18S rDNA and morphology is used to interpret morphological and life-history data and to support a model for the evolution and radiation of neodermatan parasites in the group.
A common red algal origin of the apicomplexan, dinoflagellate, and heterokont plastids. Factors mediating plastid dependency and the origins of parasitism in apicomplexans and their close relatives. Chromerid genomes reveal the evolutionary path from photosynthetic algae to obligate intracellular parasites.
Their landmark paper spawned an entire research enterprise lasting to this day, ... 1982 published a seminal paper proposing parasites as central players in the evolution of mate choice and secondary sexual characteristics such as the peacock's tail. Their hypothesis assumes that females choose to mate with males of the highest genetic ...
In summary, this study not only presents a new genome catalog to unveil the evolutionary mechanisms underpinning bat fly parasitism, but also provides a novel research system that can be used to investigate the mechanisms of cross-species transmission of bat-borne viruses and the co-evolution of bats and viruses.
This paper investigates the trends of three different species interacting in the same ecosystem. The study is conducted on the ecosystem which consists of a prey S 1 and two predators S 2 and S 3 in such a way that S 2 is a predator of S 1 and S 3 is a predator of both S 1 and S 2.In addition, S 1 and S 2 share the same food which is the main food for S 1 and the alternative food for S 2.
We evaluated the evolution in the number of papers through time and the corresponding author's country of origin. To get a more accurate view on plant-plant parasitism research, we refined our search, compiling all papers published between 2000 and 2022 to visualize the major themes explored on Plant-Plant parasitism studies and the most ...
Brood parasitism can also occur within a species, where one female exploits the efforts of a conspecific , or it can be facultative across species; however, the research in this special issue focuses on obligate parasites, because these have the most potential to influence the evolution of another species.
Molecular phylogenetic analyses have shown that parasitism of plants and animals has arisen at least 15 times independently. Extant nematode species also display lifestyles that are proposed to be on the evolutionary trajectory to parasitism. Recent advances have permitted the determination of the genomes and transcriptomes of many nematode ...
Despite the ongoing evolution of the foundational language model, it has advanced to GPT-4 Turbo in the paid version, we consider the free version, ChatGPT, for our specific focus. ... In conclusion, this research paper explored the impact of GAI on students and HEIs through a comprehensive survey and scenario analysis. The findings shed light ...
Parasitic plants represent a unique model for the evolution of intra-kingdom parasitism with intriguing research questions such as how plants were able to evolve the ability to parasitize other plants. This parasitic lifestyle required the evolution of host detection, host attachment, host exploitation, and host defense suppression strategies.
Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a tool used to assess the potential environmental impacts and resources utilized throughout a product's life cycle (cradle to grave or in linear economic models or a "cradle to cradle" life cycle in circular economy models), i.e., from raw material acquisition, via production, use phases, and waste management, to the recycling stage [1], [2].