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Recent advancements in water treatment

For immediate release, acs news service weekly presspac: january 19, 2022.

Generating clean, safe water is becoming increasingly difficult. Water sources themselves can be contaminated, but in addition, some purification methods can cause unintended harmful byproducts to form. And not all treatment processes are created equal with regard to their ability to remove impurities or pollutants. Below are some recent papers published in ACS journals that report insights into how well water treatment methods work and the quality of the resulting water. Reporters can request free access to these papers by emailing  newsroom@acs.org .

“Drivers of Disinfection Byproduct Cytotoxicity in U.S. Drinking Water: Should Other DBPs Be Considered for Regulation?” Environmental Science & Technology Dec.15, 2021

In this paper, researchers surveyed both conventional and advanced disinfection processes in the U.S., testing the quality of their drinking waters. Treatment plants with advanced removal technologies, such as activated carbon, formed fewer types and lower levels of harmful disinfection byproducts (known as DBPs) in their water. Based on the prevalence and cytotoxicity of haloacetonitriles and iodoacetic acids within some of the treated waters, the researchers recommend that these two groups be considered when forming future water quality regulations.

“Complete System to Generate Clean Water from a Contaminated Water Body by a Handmade Flower-like Light Absorber” ACS Omega Dec. 9, 2021 As a step toward a low-cost water purification technology, researchers crocheted a coated black yarn into a flower-like pattern. When the flower was placed in dirty or salty water, the water wicked up the yarn. Sunlight caused the water to evaporate, leaving the contaminants in the yarn, and a clean vapor condensed and was collected. People in rural locations could easily make this material for desalination or cleaning polluted water, the researchers say.

“Data Analytics Determines Co-occurrence of Odorants in Raw Water and Evaluates Drinking Water Treatment Removal Strategies” Environmental Science & Technology Dec. 2, 2021

Sometimes drinking water smells foul or “off,” even after treatment. In this first-of-its-kind study, researchers identified the major odorants in raw water. They also report that treatment plants using a combination of ozonation and activated carbon remove more of the odor compounds responsible for the stink compared to a conventional process. However, both methods generated some odorants not originally present in the water.

“Self-Powered Water Flow-Triggered Piezocatalytic Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species for Water Purification in Simulated Water Drainage” ACS ES&T Engineering Nov. 23, 2021

Here, researchers harvested energy from the movement of water to break down chemical contaminants. As microscopic sheets of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) swirled inside a spiral tube filled with dirty water, the MoS2 particles generated electric charges. The charges reacted with water and created reactive oxygen species, which decomposed pollutant compounds, including benzotriazole and antibiotics. The researchers say these self-powered catalysts are a “green” energy resource for water purification.

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Advancements in Water Desalination Through Artificial Intelligence: a Comprehensive Review of AI-Based Methods for Reverse Osmosis Membrane Processes

• Published: 13 October 2023
• Volume 8 , article number  53 , ( 2023 )

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• A.R. Habieeb 1 , 2 ,
• Abd Elnaby Kabeel 1 , 3 , 4 ,
• G.I. Sultan 5 &
• Mohamed M. Abdelsalam 6  

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This research paper focuses on the importance of water as a precious resource and the challenges associated with meeting the growing demand for clean, drinkable water, particularly in regions facing water scarcity. The paper emphasizes that desalination, which involves the removal of salt and other impurities from seawater, is a viable solution to address this challenge. The paper highlights the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in optimizing desalination processes, including predictive maintenance, predictive water quality, and predictive energy management. The paper reviews the latest research papers on AI-based water desalination systems, thoroughly analyzing the use of AI-based modeling tools for Reverse Osmosis (RO) membrane processes for water desalination. The study also gives current trends and future prospects, as well as analyzes the pros and cons of AI-based methodologies compared to conventional models. Overall, the article highlights how AI could improve RO-based membrane desalination operations and shortcomings and recommendations for future work.

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Faculty of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt

A.R. Habieeb & Abd Elnaby Kabeel

Mechatronics Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, Mansura University, Mansura, Egypt

A.R. Habieeb

Mechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

Abd Elnaby Kabeel

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Islamic University of Madinah, Medina, Saudi Arabia

Mechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

G.I. Sultan

Computers Engineering and Control Systems Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

Mohamed M. Abdelsalam

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Author Statement 1 A.R. Habieeb, Formal analysis and investigation, Writing - original draft, preparation. 2 - Mohamed M. Abdelsalam, Conceptualization, Writing – Review revised version &Editing. 3- G.I. Sultan, Conceptualization, Writing – Review &Editing 4- A.E. Kabeel -Review & Supervisor.

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Habieeb, A., Kabeel, A.E., Sultan, G. et al. Advancements in Water Desalination Through Artificial Intelligence: a Comprehensive Review of AI-Based Methods for Reverse Osmosis Membrane Processes. Water Conserv Sci Eng 8 , 53 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41101-023-00227-7

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Received : 09 August 2023

Revised : 30 September 2023

Accepted : 04 October 2023

Published : 13 October 2023

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s41101-023-00227-7

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