how to reference a thesis harvard style

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To be made up of:

• Year of submission (in round brackets).
• Title of thesis (in italics).
• Degree statement.
• Degree-awarding body.
• Available at: URL.
• (Accessed: date).

In-text citation: 

(Smith, 2019)

Reference List:  

Smith, E. R. C. (2019). Conduits of invasive species into the UK: the angling route? Ph. D. Thesis. University College London. Available at: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10072700 (Accessed: 20 May 2021).

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How to Cite a Dissertation in Harvard Style

Published by Alaxendra Bets at August 27th, 2021 , Revised On September 25, 2023

What is a Dissertation?

In the UK, countries of Western Europe, as well as New Zealand and Australia, the term ‘ dissertation ’ is used instead of a ‘thesis.’ The majority of the remaining countries in the world prefer to use ‘thesis’ instead of ‘dissertation.’

Both represent the same thing, though: a full-length, academic piece of writing that students must submit after their undergraduate, post-graduate (Master), or PhD studies.

More specifically, a dissertation can refer to:

• Large-scale research as part of a degree.
• An article based on a small-scale study as part of a degree.
• A review of another study, research or an accumulation of both.
• Other full-length body texts are a requirement of the student’s degree program, no matter which level it is.

1.    Basic Format

In Harvard, the following in-text citation format is used for the dissertation:

(Author Surname, Year Published)

For example, ‘Occasionally the talent for drawing passes beyond mere picture-copying and shows the presence of a real artistic capacity of no mean order. (Darius, 2014)’

In Harvard, the following reference list entry format is used for the dissertation:

Author Surname, Author Initials. (Year Published). Title of the dissertation in italics. Level. Institution Name.

For example, reference list entry for the above source would be:

Darius, H. (2014). Running head: SAVANT SYNDROME – THEORIES AND EMPIRICAL FINDINGS . University of Skövde, University of Turku.

However, a slightly different format is also used in some institutions. According to that, in-text citations are done in the following way:

Author surname Year, p.#

For instance, Exelby (1997, p. 3) described the process … OR … processing gold (Exelby 1997, p. 3).

But in the case of reference list entries, these ‘other’ institutions recommend naming the dissertation title not in italics but in single quotation marks. The format would then be:

Author Surname, Initials Year of Publication, ‘Title of thesis in single quotation marks’, Award, Institution issuing degree, Location of the institution.

So, according to this format, the above example’s reference list entry would be:

Exelby, HRA 1997, ‘Aspects of Gold and Mineral Liberation’, PhD thesis, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld.

Whichever format is followed largely depends on one’s institutional guidelines. The format specified by the university is the one that should be followed. Furthermore, it should be followed consistently throughout a manuscript.

2.    Citing a Dissertation Published Online

The format for both in-text and reference list entries is the same for online and print dissertations. For example:

• In-text citation: (Ram 2012) OR (Ram 2011, p. 130)
• Reference list entry: Ram, R 2012, ‘Development of the International Financial Reporting Standard for Small and Medium-sized Entities’, PhD thesis, The University of Sydney, viewed 23 May 2014, <http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8208>.

An important point to note: While referencing dissertations published online, the URL may or may not be enclosed within < > symbols. Whichever format is chosen, it should be used consistently throughout the text.

3.    Citing an Unpublished Dissertation

This type of dissertation also uses the same formatting for in-text and reference list entries in Harvard style. For example:

• In-text citation: (Sakunasingha 2006) OR (Sakunasingha 2006, p. 36)
• Reference list entry: Sakunasingha, B 2006, ‘An empirical study into factors influencing the use of value-based management tools’, DBA thesis, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW.

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Frequently Asked Questions

How do i cite my dissertation.

To cite your dissertation, follow your chosen citation style (e.g., APA, MLA). Generally, include author name, year, title, and source details. For APA: Author. (Year). Title. Source. For MLA: Author. “Title.” Degree, University, Year.

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Harvard Style Guide: Theses

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• No date of publication
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• Citing same author, multiple works, same year

Back to Academic Integrity guide

Reference : Author, Initial. (Year of submission) Title of thesis . Degree statement. Degree-awarding body.         

Example : Allen, S. J. (2009) The social and moral fibre of Celtic Tiger Ireland . Unpublished PhD thesis. University College Dublin.

In-Text-Citation :

• Author Last name (Year)
• (Author Last name, Year)
• Allen (2009) disagrees with this…..
• As argued elsewhere (Allen, 2009)….

Still unsure what in-text citation and referencing mean? Check here . 

Still unsure why you need to reference all this information? Check here . 

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Cite A Dissertation in Harvard style

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Use the following template or our Harvard Referencing Generator to cite a dissertation. For help with other source types, like books, PDFs, or websites, check out our other guides. To have your reference list or bibliography automatically made for you, try our free citation generator .

Reference list

Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.

In-text citation

Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.

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• How to cite a Dissertation in Harvard style
• How to cite a E-book or PDF in Harvard style
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• How to cite a Email in Harvard style
• How to cite a Encyclopedia article in Harvard style
• How to cite a Government publication in Harvard style
• How to cite a Interview in Harvard style
• How to cite a Legislation in Harvard style
• How to cite a Magazine in Harvard style
• How to cite a Music or recording in Harvard style
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• How to cite a Podcast in Harvard style
• How to cite a Presentation or lecture in Harvard style
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Citation guides

All you need to know about citations

How to cite a PhD thesis in Harvard

To cite a PhD thesis in a reference entry in Harvard style include the following elements:

• Author(s) of the PhD thesis: Give the last name and initials (e. g. Watson, J.) of up to three authors with the last name preceded by 'and'. For four authors or more include the first name followed by et al., unless your institution requires referencing of all named authors.
• Year of submission: Give the year in round brackets.
• Title of the PhD thesis: Give the title as presented in the source. Only the first letter of the first word and proper nouns are capitalized.
• Degree description: Type of degree.
• Degree-awarding institution: Give the name of the institution.

Here is the basic format for a reference list entry of a PhD thesis in Harvard style:

Author(s) of the PhD thesis . ( Year of submission ) Title of the PhD thesis . Degree description . Degree-awarding institution .

Take a look at our reference list examples that demonstrate the Harvard style guidelines in action:

A PhD thesis with one author

Confait, M. F . ( 2018 ) Maximising the contributions of PHD graduates to national development: the case of the Seychelles . PhD thesis . Edith Cowan University .

An unpublished PhD thesis

Bowkett, D . ( 2015 ) Investigating the ligandability of plant homeodomains . Unpublished PhD thesis . University of Oxford .

This citation style guide is based on the Cite Them Right (10 th edition) Harvard referencing guide.

More useful guides

• Harvard Referencing: Theses
• Referencing with Harvard: Thesis or dissertation
• Citing and referencing: Theses/Dissertations

More great BibGuru guides

• AMA: how to cite an annual report
• APA: how to cite a book
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What is a thesis?

What is a dissertation, getting started, staying on track, thesis abstract, lit(erature) review.

A thesis is a long-term project that you work on over the course of a semester or a year. Theses have a very wide variety of styles and content, so we encourage you to look at prior examples and work closely with faculty to develop yours. 

Before you begin, make sure that you are familiar with the dissertation genre—what it is for and what it looks like.

Generally speaking, a dissertation’s purpose is to prove that you have the expertise necessary to fulfill your doctoral-degree requirements by showing depth of knowledge and independent thinking.

The form of a dissertation may vary by discipline. Be sure to follow the specific guidelines of your department.

• PhD This site directs candidates to the GSAS website about dissertations , with links to checklists,  planning, formatting, acknowledgments, submission, and publishing options. There is also a link to guidelines for the prospectus . Consult with your committee chair about specific requirements and standards for your dissertation.
• DDES This document covers planning, patent filing, submission guidelines, publishing options, formatting guidelines, sample pages, citation guidelines, and a list of common errors to avoid. There is also a link to guidelines for the prospectus .
• Scholarly Pursuits (GSAS) This searchable booklet from Harvard GSAS is a comprehensive guide to writing dissertations, dissertation-fellowship applications, academic journal articles, and academic job documents.

Finding an original topic can be a daunting and overwhelming task. These key concepts can help you focus and save time.

Finding a topic for your thesis or dissertation should start with a research question that excites or at least interests you. A rigorous, engaging, and original project will require continuous curiosity about your topic, about your own thoughts on the topic, and about what other scholars have said on your topic. Avoid getting boxed in by thinking you know what you want to say from the beginning; let your research and your writing evolve as you explore and fine-tune your focus through constant questioning and exploration.

Get a sense of the broader picture before you narrow your focus and attempt to frame an argument. Read, skim, and otherwise familiarize yourself with what other scholars have done in areas related to your proposed topic. Briefly explore topics tangentially related to yours to broaden your perspective and increase your chance of finding a unique angle to pursue.

Critical Reading

Critical reading is the opposite of passive reading. Instead of merely reading for information to absorb, critical reading also involves careful, sustained thinking about what you are reading. This process may include analyzing the author’s motives and assumptions, asking what might be left out of the discussion, considering what you agree with or disagree with in the author’s statements and why you agree or disagree, and exploring connections or contradictions between scholarly arguments. Here is a resource to help hone your critical-reading skills:

https://guides.library.harvard.edu/sixreadinghabits  

https://youtu.be/BcV64lowMIA

Conversation

Your thesis or dissertation will incorporate some ideas from other scholars whose work you researched. By reading critically and following your curiosity, you will develop your own ideas and claims, and these contributions are the core of your project. You will also acknowledge the work of scholars who came before you, and you must accurately and fairly attribute this work and define your place within the larger discussion. Make sure that you know how to quote, summarize, paraphrase ,  integrate , and cite sources to avoid plagiarism and to show the depth and breadth of your knowledge.

A thesis is a long-term, large project that involves both research and writing; it is easy to lose focus, motivation, and momentum. Here are suggestions for achieving the result you want in the time you have.

The dissertation is probably the largest project you have undertaken, and a lot of the work is self-directed. The project can feel daunting or even overwhelming unless you break it down into manageable pieces and create a timeline for completing each smaller task. Be realistic but also challenge yourself, and be forgiving of yourself if you miss a self-imposed deadline here and there.

Your program will also have specific deadlines for different requirements, including establishing a committee, submitting a prospectus, completing the dissertation, defending the dissertation, and submitting your work. Consult your department’s website for these dates and incorporate them into the timeline for your work.

Accountability

Sometimes self-imposed deadlines do not feel urgent unless there is accountability to someone beyond yourself. To increase your motivation to complete tasks on schedule, set dates with your committee chair to submit pre-determined pieces of a chapter. You can also arrange with a fellow doctoral student to check on each other’s progress. Research and writing can be lonely, so it is also nice to share that journey with someone and support each other through the process.

Common Pitfalls

The most common challenges for students writing a dissertation are writer’s block, information-overload, and the compulsion to keep researching forever.

There are many strategies for avoiding writer’s block, such as freewriting, outlining, taking a walk, starting in the middle, and creating an ideal work environment for your particular learning style. Pay attention to what helps you and try different things until you find what works.

Efficient researching techniques are essential to avoiding information-overload. Here are a couple of resources about strategies for finding sources and quickly obtaining essential information from them.

https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/subject_specific_writing/writing_in_literature/writing_in_literature_detailed_discussion/reading_criticism.html

https://students.dartmouth.edu/academic-skills/learning-resources/learning-strategies/reading-techniques

Finally, remember that there is always more to learn and your dissertation cannot incorporate everything. Follow your curiosity but also set limits on the scope of your work. It helps to create a folder entitled “future projects” for topics and sources that interest you but that do not fit neatly into the dissertation. Also remember that future scholars will build off of your work, so leave something for them to do.

An abstract is a short (approximately 200-word) summary or overview of your research project. It provides enough information for a reader to know what they will find within the larger document, such as your purpose, methodology, and results or conclusion. It may also include a list of  keywords. An abstract is an original document, not an excerpt, and its contents and organization may vary by discipline.

A literature review establishes a set of themes and contexts drawn from foundational research and materials that relate to your project. It is an acknowledgment that your scholarship doesn’t exist in a vacuum. With the review, you identify patterns and trends in the literature to situate your contribution within the existing scholarly conversation.

What is a literature review? A literature review (or lit review, for short) is a critical analysis of published scholarly research (the "literature") related to a specific topic. Literature here means body of work, which traditionally was done in written form and may include journal articles, books, book chapters, dissertations and thesis, or conference proceedings. In the case of design, however, literature has an expanded breadth since the body of work is oftentimes not represented by words. A design review may include plans, sections, photographs, and any type of media that portrays the work.

A literature review may stand on its own or may be inside a larger work, usually in the introductory sections. It is thorough but not exhaustive--there will always be more information than you can reasonably locate and include. Be mindful of your scope and time constraints and select your reviewed materials with care. A literature review

• summarizes the themes and findings of works in an area
• compares and contrasts relevant aspects of literature on a topic
• critically assesses the strengths and omissions of the source material
• elaborates on the implications of their findings for one's own research topic

What does a literature review look like? Each discipline has its own style for writing a literature review; urban planning and design lit reviews may look different than those from architecture, and design lit reviews will look significantly different than reviews from the biological sciences or engineering. Look at published journal articles within your field and note how they present the information.

• Introduction: most scholarly articles and books will have a literature review within the introductory sections. Its precise location may vary, but it is most often in the first few paragraphs or pages.

Dedicated literature reviews: these are stand-alone resources unto themselves. You can search for "literature review" and a topic, and you may find that one already exists. These literature reviews are useful as models within your field, for finding additional sources to explore, and for beginning to map the general relationships within the scholarly conversation around your topic. Be mindful not to plagiarize the source material.

Database search tip : Add the phrase "literature review" to your search to find published literature reviews.

Browsing through theses and dissertations of the past can help to get a sense of your options and gain inspiration but be careful to use current guidelines and refer to your committee instead of relying on these examples for form or formatting.

Theses at the Frances Loeb Library  is a research guide to finding p ast GSD theses.

DASH Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard.

HOLLIS Harvard Library’s catalog provides access to ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global .

MIT Architecture has a list of their graduates’ dissertations and theses.

Rhode Island School of Design has a list of their graduates’ dissertations and theses.

University of South Florida has a list of their graduates’ dissertations and theses.

Harvard GSD has a list of projects, including theses and professors’ research.

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When it comes to academic writing, properly citing your sources is essential. Harvard style citation is one of the most widely used systems, known for its simplicity and flexibility. 

Harvard referencing is important when citing a research paper , essay, or dissertation. It helps you give proper credit to the original authors and shows that your work is supported by reliable sources.

From in-text citations to formatting your reference list, his guide will break down everything you need to know about Harvard citations. If you’ve ever felt confused about how to cite a book, article, or website, we’ll make it easy to understand, and apply the Harvard style to your work.

Let’s start!

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What is Harvard Style Citation?

Harvard-style citation is a widely used referencing system in academic writing that follows the author-date method. This means that when you cite a source in your text, you include the author’s last name and the year of publication. 

Commonly used in fields like social sciences, humanities, and business studies, Harvard referencing is appreciated for its simplicity and flexibility. It can be adapted for a variety of sources, including books, journal articles, websites, and more. 

Students or researchers publishing with Harvard University Press are required to follow the Harvard referencing style.

Key Elements of Harvard Style Citation

The Harvard referencing style consists of two main elements.

In-Text Citations :

• In Harvard style, in-text citations use the author-date system. This helps readers easily identify the source of your information.

Reference List :

• At the end of your document, you’ll include a reference list that provides full details of all the sources you cited. This list should be organized alphabetically by the authors' last names.

We’ll discuss each of them in detail in the coming sections. 

Harvard Style In-Text Citation

In research paper writing , it’s important to use accurate Harvard in-text citations correctly to give credit to the sources you use in your writing. They typically include the author’s last name and the year of publication, which allows readers to find the full reference in your reference list. 

Here’s how to create Harvard style citation for different types of scenarios and sources.

• Single Author : When you refer to a work by a single author, include their last name and the year of publication in parentheses.
• Format : (Author's Last Name, Year)
• Example : Research shows that climate change affects weather patterns (Smith, 2020).
• Two Authors : If there are two authors, list both names separated by “and” in your citation.
• Format : (First Author's Last Name and Second Author's Last Name, Year)
• Example : The study concluded that social media has a significant impact on communication (Johnson and Lee, 2019).
• Three or More Authors : For works with three or more authors, mention the first author followed by "et al.," which means "and others."
• Format : (First Author's Last Name et al., Year)
• Example : According to recent findings, exercise improves mental health (Brown et al., 2021).
• No Author : If a source does not have a clear author, use the title of the work instead, along with the year of publication.
• Format : (Title of the Work, Year)
• Example : As noted in the report on environmental sustainability (Global Insights, 2022), changes are necessary for a healthier planet.
• Citing a Direct Quote or Paraphrase : When quoting directly from a source, include the author's last name, year of publication, and the specific page number if relevant. Sometimes, you can also include paragraph numbers if you’re citing a quote from a web page.
• Format : (Author's Last Name, Year, p. Page Number)
• Example : Smith (2020, p. 45) argues that “effective communication is key to successful teamwork.”
• Multiple Works by the Same Author Published in the Same Year : If you need to cite multiple works by the same author from the same year, distinguish them by adding letters (a, b) after the year.
• Format : (Author's Last Name, Yeara; Yearb)
• Example : Several studies highlight the importance of time management (Taylor, 2020a; 2020b).
• Citing a Source with a Corporate Author : When citing a report or document authored by an organization rather than an individual, use the name of the organization as the author.
• Format : (Organization Name, Year)
• Example : The guidelines provided by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2021) emphasize the importance of vaccination.
• Secondary Sources : If you want to cite a source that is mentioned in another source, note both the original and citing authors.
• Format : (Original Author's Last Name, Year, cited in Citing Author's Last Name, Year)
• Example : Smith’s work (2005, cited in Jones, 2020) discusses the influence of culture on education.

Harvard Style Reference List

Creating a Harvard reference list is an important part of using Harvard-style citation. It provides all the details necessary for readers to locate the sources you’ve used in your writing. 

In the Harvard referencing bibliography, references are listed in alphabetical order by the authors’ last names. Below, we’ll cover the formatting guidelines for various types of references, along with their specific formats and examples.

When citing a book, include the author’s last name, initials, year of publication, the title of books in italics, the edition (if applicable), the place of publication, and the publisher. There are several subtypes of books to consider:

• Book Chapters : If you’re referencing a specific chapter from a printed book, note the chapter's author, the chapter title, and then the book’s editor, title, and publication details.
• Format : Chapter Author's Last Name, Initial(s). (Year) 'Title of the Chapter', in Editor's Initial(s). Editor's Last Name (ed.) Title of the Book . Place of Publication: Publisher, pp. Page Numbers/Page Range.
• Example : Harris, A. (2020) ‘Climate Change Adaptation Strategies’, in M. Green (ed.) Environmental Sustainability . London: Eco Press, pp. 50-65.
• Translated Books : When citing a translated book, include the original author, the translator, and the publication date of the translated version.
• Format : Original Author's Last Name, Initial(s). (Year of Translation) Title of the Book . Translated by Translator's Initial(s). Translator's Last Name. Place of Publication: Publisher.
• Example : Kafka, F. (2014) The Metamorphosis . Translated by A. McNab. New York: Penguin Classics.
• E-Books : For online sources such as e-books, the format is similar to print books, but also includes the platform or URL if applicable.
• Format : Author's Last Name, Initial(s). (Year) Title of the E-Book . Place of Publication: Publisher. Available at: URL (Accessed: Date).
• Example : Brown, L. (2019) Understanding Digital Marketing . London: Routledge. Available at: https://www.routledge.com/Understanding-Digital-Marketing (Accessed: 15 September 2024).
• Journal Articles

For journal articles, include the author’s last name, initials, year of publication the title of the article in single quotation marks, and the title of the journal in italics. You’ll also include the volume number, the issue number (if available), and page numbers. 

There are different types of journal articles:

• Journal Articles with DOIs : If an article has a DOI (Digital Object Identifier), include it at the end of the citation.
• Format : Author's Last Name, Initial(s). (Year) ‘Title of the Article’, Title of the Journal , Volume(Issue), pp. Page Numbers. DOI: DOI Number.
• Example : Smith, J. (2020) ‘Exploring New Technologies’, Journal of Tech Studies , 15(4), pp. 25-34. DOI: 10.1234/jts.2020.045.
• Journal Articles without DOIs : If there’s no DOI, simply list the article as usual without including the DOI.
• Format : Author's Last Name, Initial(s). (Year) ‘Title of the Article’, Title of the Journal , Volume(Issue), pp. Page Numbers.
• Example : Brown, L. (2019) ‘The Impact of Social Media on Youth’, Journal of Communication Studies , 12(3), pp. 45-60.

When referencing a website, include the author’s last name, initials (if available), year of publication (or last updated), the title of the webpage in italics, the name of the website, and the URL. If there’s no author, use the name of the organization.

• Online Articles and Blogs : This includes articles from online publications or personal blogs. The format is similar, but be clear about the website's nature.
• Format : Author's Last Name, Initial(s). (Year) Title of the Article . Name of Website. Available at: URL (Accessed: Date).
• Example : Johnson, R. (2023) How to Cook Healthy Meals . Healthy Eating Blog. Available at: https://www.healthyeating.com/how-to-cook (Accessed: 15 September 2024).

For reports, the format is similar to that of a book. Include the author’s last name, initials, year, publication title in italics, place of publication, and the publisher. If the report is by an organization, use the organization’s name as the author.

• Government or Organization Reports : If the report is published by a governmental body or organization, include that as the author.
• Format : Organization Name. (Year) Title of the Report . Place of Publication: Publisher.
• Example : United Nations. (2022) World Population Prospects 2022 . New York: United Nations.
• Theses and Dissertations

When writing a thesis paper or dissertation , your Harvard style references will include the author’s last name, initials, year, title in italics, the type of thesis (e.g., PhD thesis), the institution, and the location.

• Format : Author's Last Name, Initial(s). (Year) Title of the Thesis . Type of Thesis, Institution, Location.
• Example : Taylor, M. (2021) The Effects of Urbanization on Local Ecosystems . PhD thesis, University of Cambridge, Cambridge.
• Conference Papers

When citing a conference paper, include the author’s last name, initials, year, title in italics, the title of the conference, and location.

• Format : Author's Last Name, Initial(s). (Year) Title of the Paper , Title of the Conference, Location.
• Example : Wilson, R. (2023) Innovations in Renewable Energy , International Renewable Energy Conference , Berlin.

We’ve also included more examples in PDFs that you can download and take guidance from. Take a look at them below.

Example of an Assignment with Harvard Referencing

Harvard Referencing Style

In Conclusion, 

To wrap things up, getting the hang of Harvard style citation is super important for students and researchers alike. It not only gives credit to the authors you reference but also adds credibility to your work. 

By understanding how to handle in-text citations and create a solid reference list, you can make sure your writing meets academic expectations.

If you ever feel stuck or overwhelmed with your writing, remember you don’t have to do it all by yourself. You can always reach out to our essay writing service at CollegeEssay.org for help. 

We provide expert guidance and support tailored to your needs. Whether you need assistance with citations or writing the perfect essay, we’re here to help you succeed.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between mla and apa citations.

The main difference between MLA and APA citations lies in the format and the focus of each style.

• MLA (Modern Language Association) is often used in the humanities, like literature or art. It focuses on the author's name and the page number in in-text citations. For example: (Smith 45). The Works Cited page lists sources alphabetically by author.
• APA (American Psychological Association) is commonly used in the social sciences, like psychology or education. It emphasizes the author's name and the year of publication in in-text citations. For example: (Smith, 2020). The References page includes more detailed information, like the source's DOI (digital object identifier) if available.

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Harvard Citation Style: Theses

Introduction

• Books / E-Books

Company Information

Conference Proceedings

• Internet / Websites

Journal Articles

Lecture Notes

• Multi-Media Formats
• Patents and Standards

All Examples

• Writing Support
• Citation Support

In This Guide...

Click on the links below for further information on referencing each material type

• Why is Referencing Important?
• Getting Started

Reference Formats

• References by Format
• Citing Info Someone Else has Cited

Books/eBooks

• 1, 2 or More Authors
• 1, 2 or More Editors
• Chapters in Books
• Company Reports
• Company Profiles

Internet/Websites

• Web Documents
• Computer Software
• CMO Articles

Multimedia Formats

• Audio-Visual Material

Newspaper Articles

Patents & Standards

• Citing Patents: Examples
• Citing Patents: Standards

Citing Theses: Examples

• A table of examples in all formats for quick reference

Citing Theses

Theses can come in a number for formats, they can be published, unpublished, or retrieved from a database. The principles when citing a thesis are similar to those employed when citing a book.

• << Previous: Patents and Standards
• Next: All Examples >>

• Last Updated: Jun 20, 2024 4:22 PM
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Harvard referencing style

• In-text citations and reference list
• Conference papers
• Video, film, television
• Figures and tables
• Standards and patents
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• Computer software and mobile applications
• Legal sources

Thesis or dissertation

• Personal communications
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